首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
We are all seeing rather less of the sun. Scientists looking at five decades of sunlight measurements have reached the disturbin
We are all seeing rather less of the sun. Scientists looking at five decades of sunlight measurements have reached the disturbin
admin
2015-04-10
65
问题
We are all seeing rather less of the sun. Scientists looking at five decades of sunlight measurements have reached the disturbing conclusion that the amount of solar energy reaching the earth’s surface has been gradually falling. Paradoxically, the decline in sunlight may mean that global warming is a far greater threat to society than previously thought.
The effect was first spotted by Gerry Stanhill, an English scientist working in Israel. Comparing Israeli sunlight records from the 1950s with current ones, Stanhill was astonished to find a large fall in solar radiation. "There was a staggering 22% drop in the sunlight, and that really amazed me, " he says.
【C1】______
Gerry called the phenomenon global dimming, but his research, published in 2001, met with a skeptical response from other scientists.
【C2】______
Dimming appears to be caused by air pollution. Burning coal, oil and wood, whether in cars, power stations or cooking fires, produces not only invisible carbon dioxide but also tiny airborne particles of soot(浮在空中的烟尘), ash, sulphur compounds and other pollutants.
【C3】______
Scientists are now worried that dimming, by shielding the oceans from the full power of the sun, may be disrupting the pattern of the world’s rainfall. There are suggestions that dimming was behind the droughts in sub-Saharan Africa. There are disturbing hints the same thing may be happening today in Asia.
【C4】______
They know how much extra energy is being trapped in the earth’s atmosphere by the extra carbon dioxide(CO
2
)we have placed there. What has been surprising is that this extra energy has so far resulted in a temperature rise of just 0. 6°C.
【C5】______
If so, then this is bad news. Even the most pessimistic forecasts of global warming may now have to be drastically revised upwards. That means a temperature rise of 10°C by 2100 in France, could be on the cards, and rendering many parts of the world uninhabitable. That is bound to happen unless we act urgently to curb our emissions of greenhouse gases.
[A]It was only recently, when his conclusions were confirmed by Australian scientists using a completely different method to estimate solar radiation, which climate scientists at last woke up to the reality of global dimming.
[B]But perhaps the most alarming aspect of global dimming is that it may have led scientists to underestimate the true power of the greenhouse effect.
[C]Intrigued,he searched out records from all around the world, and found the same story almost everywhere he looked. The sunlight fell by 10% over the USA, nearly 30% in parts of the former Soviet Union, and even by 16% in parts of the British Isles.
[D]As it turns out, people’s activity causes not only global warming but also "global dimming". It is connected with air pollution as a result of which the sunlight is reflected back to the outer space and massive settled clouds get formed.
[E]Global dimming is a daytime effect. At night the sun’s radiation is completely blocked by the earth.
[F]This visible air pollution reflects sunlight back into space, preventing it reaching the surface. But the pollution also changes the optical properties(光学性质)of clouds. Because the particles seed the formation of water droplets(生成点滴), polluted clouds contain a larger number of droplets than unpolluted clouds. Recent research shows that this makes them more reflective than they would otherwise be, again reflecting the sun’s rays back into space.
[G]This has led many scientists to conclude that the present-day climate is less sensitive to the effects of carbon dioxide than it was, say, during the ice age, when a similar rise in CO
2
led to a temperature rise of 6°C. But it now appears the warming from greenhouse gases has been offset by a strong cooling effect from dimming.
【C2】
选项
答案
A
解析
第四段开始分析造成这种现象的原因,而第三段提出的问题还没有得到解答。因此这里应该说明人们的疑问是如何被消除的。原来最近一位澳大利亚的科学家使用了一种与盖利完全不同的检测方法,得出的结论却是一样的,直到此时先前的提法才算得到了彻底证实。气象学家们现在终于意识到了问题的严重性。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/RX74777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
Whichconditiondoestheauthorfeelhasnearlydestroyedourcities?Theauthorwrotethepassageinorderto
ThebirthplaceofLeonardoismentionedinthetextThevideoscreatedbyDoughAitkenisusedtoshowacombinationof
It’snevertooearlyortoolateforaparenttobecomeateacher.Inthisageofteacheraccountability,endlessschooltesting
Spain’sgovernmentisnowchampioningacausecalled"righttobeforgotten".IthasorderedGoogletostopindexinginformation
Britainhasoneofthebiggestonlineeconomies.Itsresearchersinventedboththewebandthecomputer.IthastheEnglishlang
TheRepublicanpresidentialcandidateRickSantorumrecentlysetoffadebatewhenheattackedAmerica’scollegesas"indoctrinat
Weareonthevergeofdestroyingourozonelayer.Weareclosetodestroyinghundredsofexquisiteanimalspecies.Moreover,we
Thenatureofthedream-stateishighlysubjectiveandatrulypersonalexperiencemakingthescientificanalysisofdreamingso
Arehumangenespatentable?Itwouldseemasimplequestion.Butithasbeenthesubjectofyearsoflitigation,academichead-s
Therearecertainsubjectsinsciencethathavemadeitintothepublicspotlightashot-buttonpoliticalissues.Inadditionto
随机试题
Word文档中的表格可以利用鼠标拖动的方法完成整体移动,用鼠标左键按住表格()内置4个箭头的小方框可完成拖动。
简述应收账款日常管理的内容。
价值是商品的本质属性,它是()
男,33岁,牙龈增生影响进食数年。有癫痫病史。检查:全口牙龈增生,前牙区为重,牙龈乳头球;形增大并有分叶、质韧,覆盖牙面2/3以上。最可能的诊断是
甲偷偷将乙家的一群羊赶走卖掉.获得赃款3000元。乙向法院起诉.并提供了足以证明甲盗窃的证据,要求追究甲盗窃罪的刑事责任。法院应采用下列哪一做法处理此案?(2008—卷二—29,单)
某矿区位于内蒙古锡林郭勒盟,矿区煤炭资源分布面积广,煤层赋存稳定,资源十分丰富,是适宜露天和井工开采的特大型煤田,是我国重要的能源基地。矿区东西长40km,南北宽35km,规划面积960km2,均衡生产服务年限为100年。境界内地质储量19669Mt,主采
下列选项中包含矛盾同一性思想的有()。
张释之执法【汉】班固顷之,上行出中渭桥,有一人从桥下走,乘舆马惊。于是使骑捕之,属廷尉。释之治问曰:“县人来,闻跸①,匿桥不久,以为行过,既出,见车骑,即走耳。”释之奏当:“此人犯跸,当罚金。”上怒曰:“此人亲惊吾马,马赖和柔,令他马,固不败伤我乎?而
鸳鸯:凤凰:雄雌
【S1】【S6】
最新回复
(
0
)