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  3. We do not know. Ecologist Paul S. Martin has championed the model that associates the extinction of large mammals at the end of

We do not know. Ecologist Paul S. Martin has championed the model that associates the extinction of large mammals at the end of

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问题 We do not know. Ecologist Paul S. Martin has championed the model that associates the extinction of large mammals at the end of the Pleistocene with human predation. With researcher J. E. Mosimann, he has co-authored a work in which a computer model showed that in around 300 years, given the right conditions, a small influx of hunters into eastern Beringia 12,000 years ago could have spread across North America in a wave and wiped out game animals to feed their burgeoning population.
Which of the following best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence? Incorrect answer choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.
选项 A、A computer model was designed to determine how long it would have taken for a small group of hunters to spread across North America.
B、A computer model showed that it was possible for a small group of hunters to spread across North America and kill off game animals in just 300 years.
C、According to a computer model, people coming into North America 12,000 years ago had to kill game animals in order to feed their population.
D、According to a computer model, about 12,000 years ago conditions enabled a small group of hunters to enter and cross North America in about 300 years.
答案B
解析 首先看原句：With researcher J. E. Mosimann, he has co-authored a work in which a computer…是背景信息，简单来说就是有这样一份计算机模型的研究报告。that后的内容就是这个报告的具体内容——在大约300年的时间里，一小群猎人便能做到两件事情：遍布整个北美洲，以及消灭猎物，所以，原话的关键信息是：a computer model(背景信息)、in around 300 years(时间信息)、a small influx of hunters(主语)、spread across North America和wiped out game animals(并列的两个动作)。再来看选项：A项缺了关键的信息wiped out game animals。B项，所有的关键信息都具有，且与原句的逻辑也相同。其中，a small group of hunters对应原句的a small influx of hunters，而spread across North America和in…300 years复现原句原词，kill off game animals是原句wiped out game animals的同义转述，故选B项。C项缺少了，in around 300 years，因为原文想表达的一个关键点就是这些猎人完成这两件事只需要300年的时间，因此，300年是必不可少的重要信息。D项的主语(conditions)与原句的主语不符。再者，不仅conditions enabled a small group of hunters to enter是原文没有的信息，而且应有的wiped out game animals这里也没有提到，故D项不选。
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