首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Cardinal Mezzofanti of Bologna was a secular saint. Though he never performed the kind of miracle needed to be officially canoni
Cardinal Mezzofanti of Bologna was a secular saint. Though he never performed the kind of miracle needed to be officially canoni
admin
2012-12-30
54
问题
Cardinal Mezzofanti of Bologna was a secular saint. Though he never performed the kind of miracle needed to be officially canonised, his power was close to unearthly. Mezzofanti was said to speak 72 languages. Or 50. Or to have fully mastered 30. No one was certain of the true figure, but it was a lot. Visitors flocked from all corners of Europe to test him and came away stunned. He could switch between languages with ease. Two condemned prisoners were due to be executed, but no one knew their language to hear their confession. Mezzofanti learned it in a night, heard their sins the next morning and saved them from hell.
Or so the legend goes. In "Babel No More", Michael Erard has written the first serious book about the people who master vast numbers of languages or claim to. A journalist with some linguistics training, Mr. Erard is not a hyperpolyglot himself (he speaks some Spanish and Chinese), but he approaches his topic with both wonder and a healthy dash of scepticism.
Mezzofanti, for example, was a high-ranking clergyman born in 1774. In most of his interactions, he would have been the one to pick the topic of conversation, and he could rely on the same formulae he had used many times. He lived in an age when "knowing" a language more often meant reading and translating rather than speaking fluently with natives. Nonetheless, Mezzofanti clearly had speaking talent; his English accent was so good as to be almost too correct, an Irish observer noted.
To find out whether anyone could really learn so many languages, Mr. Erard set out to find modern Mezzofantis. The people he meets are certainly interesting. One man with a mental age of nine has a vast memory for foreign words and the use of grammatical endings, but he cannot seem to break free of English word-order. Ken Hale, who was a linguist at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and died in 2001, was said to have learned 50 languages, including notoriously difficult Finnish while on a flight to Helsinki. Professional linguists still swear by his talent. But he insisted he spoke only three (English, Spanish and Warlpiri—from Australia’s Northern Territory) and could merely "talk in" others.
Mr. Erard says that true hyperpolyglottery begins at about 11 languages, and that while legends abound, tried and tested exemplars are few. Ziad Fazah, raised in Lebanon and now living in Brazil, once held the Guinness world record for 58 languages. But when surprised on a Chilean television show by native speakers, he utterly flubbed questions in Finnish, Mandarin, Farsi and Russian (including "What day is it today?" in Russian), a failure that lives in infamy on YouTube. Perhaps he was a fraud; perhaps he simply had a miserable day. Hyperpolyglots must warm up or "prime" their weaker languages, with a few hours’ or days’ practice, to use them comfortably. Switching quickly between more than around six or seven is near-impossible even for the most gifted.
Does that mean they don’t really know them? Is instant availability of native-like competence the only standard for "knowing" a language? How should partly knowing a tongue be tallied? What if you can only read in it? Mr. Erard repeatedly peppers his text with such questions, feeling his way through his story as a thoughtful observer, rather than banging about like an academic with a theory to defend or a pitchman with a technique to sell.
Hyperpolyglots are more likely to be introverted than extroverted, which may come as a surprise to some. Hale’s son always said that, in his father’s case, languages were a cloak for a shy man. Another, Alexander Arguelles, has learned dozens of languages only to read them, saying "It’s rare that you have an interesting conversation in English. Why do I think it would be any better in another language?" Emil Krebs, an early-20th-century German diplomat who was also credited with knowing dozens of languages, was boorish in all of them. He once refused to speak to his wife for several months because she told him to put on a winter coat. Different hypotheses may explain part of the language-learner’s gift. Some hyperpolyglots seem near-autistic.
At the end of his story, however, he finds a surprise in Mezzofanti’s archive: flashcards. Stacks of them, in Georgian, Hungarian, Arabic, Algonquin and nine other tongues. The world’s most celebrated hyperpolyglot relied on the same tools given to first-year language-learners today. The conclusion? Hyperpolyglots may begin with talent, but they aren’t geniuses. They simply enjoy tasks that are drudgery to normal people. The talent and enjoyment drive a virtuous cycle that pushes them to feats others simply shake their heads at, admiration mixed with no small amount of incomprehension.
In "Babel No More", Michael Erard’s attitude towards multilingual people can be best described as
选项
A、inquiring.
B、skeptical.
C、paradoxical.
D、blended.
答案
D
解析
态度题。由题干中的“Babel No More”定位至第二段。末句指出“A journalist with some linguistics training,Mr.Erard is not a hyperpolyglot himself(he speaks some Spanish and Chinese),but he approaches his topic with both wonder and a healthy dash of scepticism.”,可见他在写书时既有好奇心又抱有正面的怀疑态度,因此blended(混合的)符合文意,故[D]为答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/RtaO777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
TheEffectivenessofaPerson1.believethereisnosuchthingas(1),【1】______sothesolutionis(2)whenitisoptimumor
TheEffectivenessofaPerson1.believethereisnosuchthingas(1),【1】______sothesolutionis(2)whenitisoptimumor
Twotechniqueshaverecentlybeendevelopedtosimplifyresearchandreducethenumberofnonhumanprimatesneededinstudiesof
Meteorologistsroutinelytelluswhatnextweek’sweatherislikelytohe,andclimatescientistsdiscusswhatmighthappenin1
A、lookingatthemirror.B、]practicingsimulatedinterviews.C、practicingansweringquestions.D、findingsomeofyourstrongpo
A、Mrs.Turnermovedthefurniturefor38years.B、Mr.Turnercouldnotbearher.C、Mr.TurnerhadcommittedadulterysinceJanua
By______,werefertothewaysthatsentencesareconstructedaccordingtothegrammarofarrangement.
Thedeclineofcivilityandgoodmannersmaybeworryingpeoplemorethancrime,accordingtoGentilityRecalled,editedbyDigb
随机试题
A.温胃暖肝B.疏肝下气C.散寒止痛D.温脾暖肾(2010年第103,104.题)四神丸中配伍吴茱萸的主要用意是()
A.贫血重而出血轻B.贫血与出血一致C.贫血轻而出血重D.有贫血而无出血E.无贫血有皮下出血特发性血小板减少性紫癜
30岁已婚妇女,5天前到公共浴池盆浴后,外阴痒,妇检:白带多,稀薄黄色,呈泡沫状,阴道壁充血,宫颈光滑。
工程施工总体进度顺序确定工程招标顺序,一般应为()。
【2014.广西】我国教育目的的精神实质是()。
男性,30岁。因溃疡病大出血,输入库存血1500ml。发现呼吸深快,有烂苹果味,皮肤青紫,血压90/75mmHg(12/10kPa),实验检查血清钾7.0mmol/L,血清钠135mmol/L,动脉血pH7.2,血浆HCO3-17mmol/L。该患者酸
马克思主义最鲜明的政治立场是
Questions29-40•Readtheinformationaboutthecommunicationofinformationinbusiness.•Choosethecorrectwordtofi
Salestactics,likeadvertising,reflectaspectsofthebasicassumptionsandvaluesthatprevailinacountry.Bycarefullylis
Friendshipisbothasourceof【B1】______andgoodhealth.Peoplewhohaveclosefriendsnaturallyenjoytheircompany.Theemoti
最新回复
(
0
)