2. 外语
  3. (1) The earliest controversies about the relationship between photography and art centered on whether photograph’s fidelity to a

(1) The earliest controversies about the relationship between photography and art centered on whether photograph’s fidelity to a

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问题     (1) The earliest controversies about the relationship between photography and art centered on whether photograph’s fidelity to appearances and dependence on a machine allowed it to be a fine art as distinct from merely a practical art. Throughout the nineteenth century, the defence of photography was identical with the struggle to establish it as a fine art. Against the charge that photography was a soulless, mechanical copying of reality, photographers asserted that it was instead a privileged way of seeing, a revolt against commonplace vision, and no less worthy an art than painting.
    (2) Ironically, now that photography is securely established as a fine art, many photographers find it pretentious or irrelevant to label it as such. Serious photographers variously claim to be finding, recording, impartially observing, witnessing events, exploring themselves—anything but making works of art. They are no longer willing to debate whether photography is or is not a fine art, except to proclaim that their own work is not involved with art It shows the extent to which they simply take for granted the concept of art imposed by the triumph of Modernism: the better the art, the more subversive it is of the traditional aims of art.
    (3) Photographers’ disclaimers of any interest in making art tell us more about the harried status of the contemporary notion of art than about whether photography is or is not art. For example, those photographers who suppose that, by taking pictures, they are getting away from the pretensions of art as exemplified by painting remind us of those Abstract Expressionist painters who imagined they were getting away from the intellectual austerity of classical Modernist painting by concentrating on the physical act of painting. Much of photography’s prestige today derives from the convergence of its aims with those of recent art, particularly with the dismissal of abstract art implicit in the phenomenon of Pop painting during the 1960’s. Appreciating photographs is a relief to sensibilities tired of the mental exertions demanded by abstract art. Classical Modernist painting—that is, abstract art as developed in different ways by Picasso, Kandinsky, and Matisse—presupposes highly developed skills of looking and a familiarity with other paintings and the history of art. Photography, like Pop painting, reassures viewers that art. is not hard; photography seems to be more about its subjects than about art.
    (4) Photography, however, has developed all the anxieties and self-consciousness of a classic Modernist art. Many professionals privately have begun to worry that the promotion of photography as an activity subversive of the traditional pretensions of art has gone so far that the public will forget that photography is a distinctive and exalted activity—in short, an art.
Which of the following is TRUE about Pop painting?
选项 A、It rejects the idea of abstract art.
B、It requires mental exertions to understand.
C、It concentrates on the physical act of painting.
D、It is represented by Picasso, Kandinsky and Matisse.
答案A
解析 细节题。第3段第3句中with的宾语表明Pop painting具有dismissal of abstract art的特点，选项A是对该特点的近义改写，因此选项A为本题答案。第3段第4句表明需要mental exertions才能理解的是abstract art，而不是Pop painting，根据该段第2句可知选项C中提到的应是Abstract Expressionist Painting的特点；根据该段第4句可知Picasso，Kandinsky和Matisse是抽象画派的代表，不是现代画派的代表。因此这三项均不正确。
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