首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
It used to be so straightforward(直接的). A team of researchers working together in the laboratory would submit the results of thei
It used to be so straightforward(直接的). A team of researchers working together in the laboratory would submit the results of thei
admin
2014-11-24
67
问题
It used to be so straightforward(直接的). A team of researchers working together in the laboratory would submit the results of their research to a journal. A journal editor would then remove the author’s names and affiliations(附属机构)from the paper and send it to their peers for review, depending on the comments received, the editor would accept the paper for publication or decline it. Copyright rested with the journal publishers, and researchers seeking knowledge of the results would have to subscribe to the journal.
No longer. The Internet—and pressure from funding agencies, who are questioning why commercial publishers are making money from government-funded research by restricting access to it— is making access to scientific results a reality. The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development OECD)has just issued a report describing the far-reaching consequences of this. The report, by John Houghton of Victoria University in Australia and Graham Vickery of the OECD, makes heavy reading for publishers who have, so far, made handsome profits. But it goes further than that. It signals a change in what has, until now, been a key element of scientific endeavor.
The value of knowledge and the return on the public investment in research depends, in part, upon wide distribution and ready access. It is big business. In America, the core scientific publishing market is estimated at between $7 billion and $11 billion. The International Association of Scientific Technical and Medical Publisher says that there are more than 2,000 publishers worldwide specializing in these subjects. They publish more than 1.2 million articles each year in some 16,000 journals.
This is now changing. According to the OECD report, some 75% of scholarly journals are now online. Entirely new business models are emerging; three main ones were identified by the report’s authors. There is the so-called big deal, where institutional subscribers pay for access to a collection of online journal titles through site-licensing agreements. There is open-access publishing, typically supported by asking the author(or his employer)to pay for the paper to be published. Finally, there are open-access archives(档案), where organizations such as universities or international laboratories support institutional repositories(仓库). Other models exist that are hybrids of these three, such as delayed open-access, where journals allow only subscribers to read a paper for the first six months, before making it freely available to everyone who wishes to see it. All this could change the traditional form of the peer-review process, at least for the publication of papers.
Which of the following is true of the OECD report?
选项
A、It criticizes government-funded research.
B、It introduces an effective means of publication.
C、It upsets profit-making journal publishers.
D、It facilitates public investment in scientific research.
答案
C
解析
判断题。第二段第三、四句指出,经合组织的报告描述了免费使用科研成果这一做法的深远影响,出版商读了肯定很不舒服,因为他们赚取了丰厚的利润。可见,C项“它让获利的期刊出版商感到不舒服”是正确答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/SwK4777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
Moneyisakeyelementineconomicandbusinessactivitiesandhasbeenthethemeofmanywittyremarks.BenjaminFranklinonce
PsychologistAlfredAdlersuggestedthattheprimarygoalofthepsyche(精神)wassuperiority.Although【C1】______hebelievedthat
PsychologistAlfredAdlersuggestedthattheprimarygoalofthepsyche(精神)wassuperiority.Although【C1】______hebelievedthat
PsychologistAlfredAdlersuggestedthattheprimarygoalofthepsyche(精神)wassuperiority.Although【C1】______hebelievedthat
Johnis______hardworkingthanhissister,buthefailedintheexam.
______beforeweleavethedayaftertomorrow,weshouldhaveawonderfultimetogether.
"Itisanevilinfluenceontheyouthofourcountry."Apoliticiancondemningvideogaming?Actually,aclergymandenouncingr
"Itisanevilinfluenceontheyouthofourcountry."Apoliticiancondemningvideogaming?Actually,aclergymandenouncingr
The"standardofliving"ofanycountrymeanstheaverageperson’sshareofthegoodsandserviceswhichthecountryproduces.A
随机试题
下列选项中,不属于审计报告意见类型的是()
具有杀虫作用的泻下药有
流行病学研究的对象是
因抢救急危患者,未能及时书写病历的,有关医务人员应当在抢救结束后据实补记,并加以注明,其时限是
男,6个月。患法洛四联症。近2天反复于哭闹时突然四肢抽搐,青紫加重,神志不清,呼吸急促,持续时间2~3分钟。主要原因是
A.进行洗胃B.进行透析C.同时禁食D.无须特殊处理E.采取对症治疗
行政优先权是指行政机关行使职权时,依法享有的种种优先资格。例如:()。
某新建项目,建设期为3年,分年均衡进行贷款,第一年贷款800万元,第二年贷款1000万元,第三年贷款500万元,年利率为10%,建设期内只计息不支付,则该项目建设期贷款利息为()万元。
国际储备管理的首要原则是()。
根据增值税法律制度的规定,增值税一般纳税人的下列行为涉及的进项税额准予抵扣的是()。(2014年)
最新回复
(
0
)