首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
It used to be so straightforward. A team of researchers working together in the laboratory would submit the results of their res
It used to be so straightforward. A team of researchers working together in the laboratory would submit the results of their res
admin
2015-04-24
27
问题
It used to be so straightforward. A team of researchers working together in the laboratory would submit the results of their research to a journal. A journal editor would then remove the authors’ names and affiliations from the paper and send it to their peers for review. Depending on the comments received, the editor would accept the paper for publication or decline it. Copyright rested with the journal publisher, and researchers seeking knowledge of the results would have to subscribe to the journal.
No longer. The Internet — and pressure from funding agencies, who are questioning why commercial publishers are making money from government-funded research by restricting access to it — is making access to scientific results a reality. The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development(OECD)has just issued a report describing the far-reaching consequences of this. The report, by John Houghton of Victoria University in Australia and Graham Vickery of the OECD, makes heavy reading for publishers who have, so far, made handsome profits. But it goes further than that. It signals a change in what has, until now, been a key element of scientific endeavor.
The value of knowledge and the return on the public investment in research depends, in part, upon wide distribution and ready access. It is big business. In America, the core scientific publishing market is estimated at between $7 billion and $11 billion. The International Association of Scientific, Technical and Medical Publishers says that there are more than 2, 000 publishers worldwide specializing in these subjects. They publish more than 1. 2 million articles each year in some 16, 000 journals.
This is now changing. According to the OECD report, some 75% of scholarly journals are now online. Entirely new business models are emerging; three main ones were identified by the report’s authors. There is the so-called big deal, where institutional subscribers pay for access to a collection of online journal titles through site-licensing agreements. There is open-access publishing, typically supported by asking the author(or his employer)to pay for the paper to be published. Finally, there are open-access archives, where organizations such as universities or international laboratories support institutional repositories. Other models exist that are hybrids of these three, such as delayed openaccess, where journals allow only subscribers to read a paper for the first six months, before making it freely available to everyone who wishes to see it. All this could change the traditional form of the peer-review process, at least for the publication of papers.
Which of the following is true of the OECD report?
选项
A、It criticizes government-funded research.
B、It introduces an effective means of publication.
C、It upsets profit-making journal publishers.
D、It benefits scientific research considerably.
答案
C
解析
细节判断题。根据题干关键词OECD定位到原文第二段。第二段第四句中的heavy reading的表面意思为“费力的阅读”,但在这里heavy的本质意为hard to do or accomplish;arduous。字面的意思是,这个报告让获取巨大利润的出版商们读起来费劲。是他们的词汇量不够读不懂吗?当然不是,结合文章所述内容,是因为这个报告直指要害,触及了他们的利益。故答案为C。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/TcLO777K
0
考博英语
相关试题推荐
Americansuffersfromanoverdoseofwork【51】whotheyareorwhattheydo.Theyspend【52】timeatworkthanatanytimesinceWor
GeniusThegreatestresultsinlifeareattainedbysimplemeans,andtheexerciseofordinaryqualities.Thecommonlifeof
Asautomationbecamepopularinmostfactories,laborwasmade______.
Everygeologistisfamiliarwiththeerosioncycle.Nosoonerhasanareaoflandbeenraisedalivesea-levelthanitbecomess
Therearethreeseparatesourcesofhazard【C1】______totheuseofnuclearreactiontosupplyuswithenergy.Firstly,theradioa
Whatissospecialaboutintuitivetalent?Extensiveresearchonbrainskillsindicatesthatthosewhoscoreashighlyintuitive
Man’schiefoffenceagainstnaturehasbeentodamagetheearth’snaturalcoveringofvegetationwithoutreplacingitwithas
Despiteeffortstoprovidethemwithalternativessuchastheshelter,womenfrequentlyandrepeatedlyreturnedtoviolentanda
Basedoneconomicstudies,itseemspossibletoforecastthatarecessionmay______depression.
TheincreasingA(popularity)ofthemotorcycleasaB(convenience),economicalC(form)oftransportationhasbeenD(justshort)
随机试题
A.手三阴经穴B.手三阳经穴C.任脉、督脉穴D.足三阳经穴治疗咽喉病、热病,宜选用的经穴是
铸造金属全冠的正确冠边缘形式为
氯丙嗪抗精神病的作用机制主要是
在通道桥涵的顶进施工中,工作坑滑板应满足的要求有()。
中国一家国有企业与美国一公司经商洽,决定设立一中外合资经营企业。双方协商拟定的合营企业合同中有以下几项规定:(1)企业的董事长由美方担任,副董事长由中方担任;(2)如企业经营不善,双方可以在合营期内减少注册资本;(3)合营企业合同发生争议时,适用美国的法律
债券基金所持有的债券的平均信用等级是债券基金()的监控指标。
下列哪个是发明专利申请的申请号?
素质接力是以计()来判定名次和胜负的。
Forgetmilkydrinks,hotwaterbottlesorcurlingupwithagoodbook—therealsecrettoagoodnight’ssleepmaybewhereyous
DoIn-ClassExamsMakeStudentsStudyHarder?A)Ihavealwaysbeenapoortest-taker.SoitmayseemratherstrangethatIh
最新回复
(
0
)