What is feared as failure in American society is, above all, aloneness. And aloneness is terrifying because it means that there

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问题     What is feared as failure in American society is, above all, aloneness. And aloneness is terrifying  because it means that there is no one, no group, no approved cause to submit to. Even success often becomes impossible to bear when not socially approved or even known. This is perhaps why successful criminals often feel the need to confess, that is, to submit to the community’ s judgment, represented in the person to whom the confession is made. They will confess even under circumstances  where this will probably, if not certainly, endanger their previous success: proof I think, that aloneness is more intolerable than mere failure. For mere failure, provide it is found in company,  can rather easily be borne; many ideologies have the function of making it possible for people to digest, the worst miseries and even death. Under the sway of the ideology, they do not feel the impact  of their failure; they are in the grip of an authority, even if it lets them down. On the other hand, one who is alone lacks this solace which can make even failure comfortable.

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答案 在美国社会中,最担心的失败就是孤独。孤独的可怕在于它意味着你不属于任何人、任何组织、任何被认可的目标。如果没有被社会认同、哪怕是知晓,甚至连成功都难以忍受。这也许就是为什么成功犯罪的人常常需要忏悔,也就是在聆听忏悔的人那儿接受社会的审判。他们甚至会在如果不是很确定也是有可能会危及他们已取得的成功的情况下进行忏悔。我想这证明了孤独比单纯的失败更难以忍受。对失败而言,倘若它是在群体中发生的,那就会很容易承受。多种思想使得人们有可能接受最不幸的事甚至是死亡。在这种意识形态的支配下,人们不会感到失败的冲击。他们被一种权威牢牢地控制住,即使这种权威会让他们失望。另一方面,孤独的人就缺乏这种能让失败变得舒适的安慰。

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