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考研
Aging poses a serious challenge to OECD(Organization of Economic Co-operation and Development)countries, in particular, how to p
Aging poses a serious challenge to OECD(Organization of Economic Co-operation and Development)countries, in particular, how to p
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2016-01-10
67
问题
Aging poses a serious challenge to OECD(Organization of Economic Co-operation and Development)countries, in particular, how to pay for future public pension liabilities. And early retirement places an【C1】______burden on pension financing. There is no easy solution, but【C2】______retirement could help.
Early retirement may seem like a worthy individual goal, but it is a socially【C3】______one, and makes the present public pension system difficult to sustain for long. The【C4】______reason is that more people are retiring early and living longer. That means more retirees depending on the【C5】______of those in work for their income. The【C6】______is worrying. In the next 50 years, low fertility rates and【C7】______life expectancy in OECD countries will cause this old-age dependency rate to roughly double【C8】______size. Public pension payments, which afford 30% ~ 80% of total retirement incomes in OECD countries, are【C9】______to rise, on average, by over three percentage points in GDP and by as much as eight percentage points in some countries.【C10】______is the pressure on pension funds that there is a danger of today’s workers not getting the pensions they expected or felt they【C11】______for.
Action is needed,【C12】______simply aiming to reduce the【C13】______ (and cost)of public pensions, or trying to【C14】______the role of privately funded pensions within the system, though necessary steps, may be【C15】______to deal with the dependency challenge. After years of【C16】______early retirement schemes to avoid【C17】______and higher unemployment, many governments are now looking【C18】______persuading people to stay in work until they are older. Surely, the thinking goes, if we are healthier now and jobs are physically less【C19】______and unemployment is down, then perhaps the【C20】______rate should rise anew.
【C19】
选项
A、turbulent
B、strenuous
C、compact
D、intricate
答案
B
解析
形容词辨析。空格处填入的形容词在句子中做表语,说明“现在的工作在生理上(physically)不如以前……”。由上文Surely,the thinking goes可知空格所在句子是上一句“政府考虑说服人们晚退休”的理由。A项turbulent“(海、气候等)狂暴的;(时代)动荡不安的”一般不与job搭配;而C项compact“紧密的,密集的;(身体)紧绷绷的”和D项intricate“错综复杂的,难以理解的”一般不用于从生理上说明工作的性质。只有B项strenuous“(工作等)需要极端努力的,费劲的”,既能从生理上说明job的性质,又可解释原因。
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考研英语一
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