2. 外语
  3. It would be difficult to have a society like ours without public goods such as defense, transportation, and other services.

It would be difficult to have a society like ours without public goods such as defense, transportation, and other services.

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问题     It would be difficult to have a society like ours without public goods such as defense, transportation, and other services.
    A public good is one that a person can use without reducing the use of it for another person. One of the best examples of a pubic good is national defense. One person can benefit from our national defense without reducing another person’s benefits. In fact, it is difficult to keep any person in our society from enjoying the benefits of national defense.
    The market system does not work well in producing public goods. This is because a person who refuses to pay for a public good cannot be kept from using it. Suppose that the neighbors in a high crime area decide to hire a police force. Each neighbor, except Mrs. Smith, agrees to pay $100 a year for it. Mrs. Smith refuses to pay because she knows that if all the others pay the $100, the police will guard the area anyway. So Mrs. Smith can enjoy the services of the police force without paying $100.
    The market system has no way to deal with this type of problem. For this reason, we cannot ask each person to make a direct payment in the form of product price. Therefore, we collect money for public goods by using taxes.  
The writer gives the example of national defense in paragraph 2 in order to show that______.
选项 A、there will be no safety if there is no national defense
B、all the people should be responsible for national defense
C、a public good is a shared benefit for the whole society
D、some public goods are more important than others
答案C
解析 根据题目中的national defense定位到第二段。该段第一句是中心句，说明公共服务的特点，即所有的人都可以平等地享用，互不影响；接着第二句举国防的例子来论证第一句的观点。可见，举例是为了论证中心句。C项的表述与第一句内容同义，为答案。
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