首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
To govern is to choose how the revenue raised from taxes is spent. So far so good, or bad. But some people earn more money than
To govern is to choose how the revenue raised from taxes is spent. So far so good, or bad. But some people earn more money than
admin
2019-08-27
52
问题
To govern is to choose how the revenue raised from taxes is spent. So far so good, or bad. But some people earn more money than others. Should they pay proportionately more money to the government than those who earn less? And if they do pay more money are they entitled to more services than those who pay less or those who pay nothing at all? And should those who pay nothing at all because they have nothing get anything? These matters are of irritable concern to our rulers, and of some poignancy to the rest.
Although the equality of each citizen before the law is the rock upon which the American Constitution rests, economic equality has never been an American ideal. In fact, it is the one unmentionable subject in our politics, as the senator from South Dakota recently discovered when he came up with a few quasi-egalitarian tax reforms. The furious and enduring terror of Communism in America is not entirely the work of those early cold warriors Truman and Acheson. A dislike of economic equality is something deep-grained in the American Protestant character. After all, given a rich empty continent for vigorous Europeans to exploit (the Indians were simply a disagreeable part of the emptiness, like chiggers), any man of gumption could make himself a good living. With extra hard work, any man could make himself a fortune, proving that he was a better man than the rest. Long before Darwin the American ethos was Darwinian.
The vision of the rich empty continent is still a part of the American unconscious in spite of the Great Crowding and its attendant miseries; and this lingering belief in the heaven any man can make for himself through hard work and clean living is a key to the majority’s prevailing and apparently unalterable hatred of the poor, kept out of sight at home, out of mind abroad.
Yet there has been, from the beginning, a significant division in our ruling class. The early Thomas Jefferson had a dream: a society of honest yeomen, engaged in agricultural pursuits, without large cities, heavy industry, banks, military pretensions. The early (and the late) Alexander Hamilton wanted industry, banks, cities, and a military force capable of making itself felt in world politics. It is a nice irony that so many of today’s laissez-faire conservatives think that they descend from Hamilton, the proponent of a strong federal government, and that so many liberals believe themselves to be the heirs of the early Jefferson, who wanted little more than a police force and a judiciary. Always practical, Jefferson knew that certain men would rise through their own good efforts while, sadly, others would fall. Government would do no more than observe this Darwinian spectacle benignly, and provide no succor.
In 1800 the Hamiltonian view was rejected by the people and their new President Thomas Jefferson. Four years later, the Hamiltonian view had prevailed and was endorsed by the reelected Jefferson. Between 1800 and 1805 Jefferson had seen to it that an empire in posse had become an empire in esse. The difference between Jefferson I and Jefferson II is reflected in the two inaugural addresses.
It is significant that nothing more elevated than greed changed the Dr. Jekyll of Jefferson I into the Mr. Hyde of Jefferson II. Like his less thoughtful countrymen, Jefferson could not resist a deal. Subverting the Constitution he had helped create, Jefferson bought Louisiana from Napoleon, acquiring its citizens without their consents. The author of The Declaration of Independence was quite able to forget the unalienable rights of anyone whose property he thought should be joined to our empire — a word which crops up frequently and unselfconsciously in his correspondence.
In the course of land-grabbing, Jefferson II managed to get himself into hot water with France, England, and Spain simultaneously, a fairly astonishing thing to do considering the state of politics in Napoleonic Europe.
Jefferson’s early political writings espoused what would today be called______.
选项
A、collectivism
B、libertarianism
C、socialism
D、liberalism
答案
D
解析
根据倒数第二段的“The author of The Declaration of Independence was quite able to forget the unalienable rights of anyone whose property he thought should be joined to our empire—a word which crops up frequently and unselfconsciously in his correspondence.”可知, 《独立宣言》的作者(杰斐逊)完全忘记了公民不可剥夺的权利。这个词频繁出现在他的信件中。据此可知,D项“liberalism自由主义”正确。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/VZUO777K
0
考博英语
相关试题推荐
Scientistshavelongunderstoodthatsupermassiveblackholesweighingmillionsorbillionsofsunscantearapartstarsthatco
Thewordhospiceishundredsofyearsold.ItcomestousfromthetimecalledtheMiddleAgesinEurope.Religiousgroupsthen
LeaksfromEdwardSnowden,asystem’sadministratorturnedwhistleblowerattheNationalSecurityAgency(NSA),America’ssignals
Ina1918editorial,W.E.B.DuBoisadvisedAfricanAmericanstostopagitatingforequalityandtoproclaimtheirsolidarity
Atthemeeting,Smithargued______infavoroftheproposal.
Theearthiswitnessinganurbanrevolution,aspeopleworldwidecrowdintotownsandcities.In1800onlyfivepercentofthew
CivilizationsCivilizations,vastorotherwise,canalwaysbelocatedonamap.Anessentialpartoftheircharacterdepends
Theelectiontookplaceagainsta(n)______ofwidespreadunemployment.
尽管美国的制造业就业岗位长期流失,但由于在飞机和高科技设备等高价值的研发和生产等方面能力卓越,美国的制造业方面仍处于世界领先地位。与此同时,中国的主要产品还是低成本的服装和消费类电子产品。在产品价值方面美国的产品占世界制造业总产值的20%以上,大约是中国的
A、Itwillgrow70%.B、Ittendstoberelativelystable.C、Itisexpectedtodecline.D、Itcoulddouble.A文中说:联合国预测,本世纪中叶世界对粮食的需求
随机试题
和平共处五项原则的内容是什么?
简述新民主主义革命的总路线。
旧民主主义革命转变为新民主主义革命的标志是()。
PKA磷酸化的氨基酸主要是
A.罚款B.责令暂停6个月以上1年以下执业活动C.吊销其执业证书D.承担民事赔偿责任E.承担刑事责任造成医疗事故的,向患者
不仅酸味减弱,且增加了苦味,长于消食止泻。用于食积兼脾虚和痢疾的饮片是
患者女,60岁,近2天出现尿频、尿急、尿痛、耻骨弓上不适感,且有肉眼血尿,初诊为急性膀胱炎,最适宜的口服药物是
W投资集团公司拟在某地市郊开荒建设一现代农业产业深加工综合项目。该项目为以玉米等农产品为原料,利用现代生物技术生产可降解塑料,初步估算项目总投资约为9500万元人民币。现拟委托甲咨询公司协助其完成项目前期工作。问题:建设项目的配套工程指哪些?
(凡要求计算的题目,除题中特别加以标明的以外,均需列出计算过程;计算结果出现小数的,除题中特别要求以外,均保留小数点后两位小数;计算结果有单位的,必须予以标明。凡要求说明理由的内容,必须有相应的文字阐述。)某企业计划进行某项投资活动,拟有甲、乙两个方案。
公安机关在坚持公安工作群众路线中,拓宽了警民联系,主要通过哪些途径实现?()
最新回复
(
0
)