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  3. People generally assume that when they consider another person a "friend," that person also thinks of them as a friend, which me

People generally assume that when they consider another person a "friend," that person also thinks of them as a friend, which me

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问题     People generally assume that when they consider another person a "friend," that person also thinks of them as a friend, which means friendship is mutual. But when we analyzed self-reported relationship surveys from several experiments around the world, we found that while most people assume friendships are two-way, only about half of friendships are indeed mutual. These findings indicate a profound inability of people to know who their friends are.
    In itself this may seem like an interesting but minor finding, but this large proportion of unbalanced friendships translates to a major effect on the ability of an individual to persuade others to cooperate or change their behavior.
    That’s because success depends on the ability to recruit friends to help at critical times. Studies have shown that social influence is a critical factor in organizational change, and especially in the propagation of new behaviors, new ideas, and new methods in both organizations and society.
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答案 人们通常认为，当他们将另外一个人看作“朋友”的时候，那个人也会把他们当作朋友，这意味着友谊是相互的。世界上的好几组实验对此进行了研究，让研究对象陈述自己与他人的友谊关系，但我们在分析他们的陈述时发现，尽管大多数人认为友谊是双向的，却只有大约一半的关系确实是相互的。这些发现表明，人们很欠缺知道谁是他们的朋友的能力。 就其本身而言，这似乎是一个有趣但微不足道的发现，但由于这种不平衡的友谊关系比例非常高，当一个人说服他人合作或改变行为时，这就会转变为影响其说服能力的一个重要因素。这是因为，成功取决于在关键时刻召集朋友帮助的能力。研究表明，社会影响力在组织机构变化中是一个关键要素，尤其是在组织机构和社会中宣传新行为、新观点和新方法的时候。
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