首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
In the late years of the nineteenth century, "capital" and "labour" were enlarging and perfecting their rival organisations on m
In the late years of the nineteenth century, "capital" and "labour" were enlarging and perfecting their rival organisations on m
admin
2010-07-06
14
问题
In the late years of the nineteenth century, "capital" and "labour" were enlarging and perfecting their rival organisations on modern lines. Many an old firm was replaced by a limited liability company with a bureaucracy of salaried managers. The change met the technical requirements of the new age by engaging a large professional element and prevented the decline in efficiency that so commonly spoiled the fortunes of family firms in the second and third generation after the energetic founders. It was moreover a step away from individual initiative, towards collectivism and municipal and state-owned business. The railway companies, though still private business managed for the benefit of shareholders, were very unlike old family business. Meanwhile the great municipalities went into business to supply lighting, trams and other services to the taxpayers.
The growth of the limited liability company and municipal business had important consequences. Such large, impersonal manipulation of capital and industry greatly increased the numbers and importance of shareholders as a class, an element in national life representing irresponsible wealth detached from the land and the duties of the landowners; and almost equally detached from the responsible management of business. During the nineteenth century, America, Africa, India, Australia and parts of Europe were being developed by British capital, and British shareholders were thus enriched by the world’s movement towards industrialisation. Towns like Bournemouth and Eastbourne sprang up to house large "comfortable" classes who had retired on their incomes, and who had no relation to the rest of the community except that of drawing dividends and occasionally attending a shareholders’ meeting to dictate their orders to the management. On the other hand "shareholding" meant leisure and freedom which was used by many of the later Victorians for the highest purpose of a great civilisation.
The "shareholders" as such had no knowledge of the lives, thoughts or needs of employees in the company in which they held shares, and their influence on the relations of capital and labour was not good. The paid manager acting for the company was in more direct relation with the workers and their demands, but even he had seldom familiar personal knowledge of the workmen which the employers had often had under the more patriarchal system of the old family business. Indeed the mere size of operations and the number of workmen involved rendered such personal relations impossible. Fortunately, however, the increasing power and organisation of the trade unions, at least in all skilled trades, enabled the workmen to meet on equal terms the managers of the companies who employed them. The cruel discipline of the strike and lockout taught the two parties to respect each other’s strength and understand the value of fair negotiation.
The growth of limited liability companies resulted in
选项
A、the separation of capital from management.
B、the ownership of capital by managers.
C、the emergence of capital and labour as two classes.
D、the participation of shareholders in land ownership.
答案
A
解析
有限责任公司导致资金和管理分离。这也就是为什么会产生股东的原因。股东只是投入资金,就所投资金分享利益和承担风险,不参加管理。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/Vzxd777K
本试题收录于:
公共英语四级笔试题库公共英语(PETS)分类
0
公共英语四级笔试
公共英语(PETS)
相关试题推荐
Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?"Creditexposures"probablymeans
Itwasnot"thecometofthecentury"expertspredicteditmightbe.However,Kohoutekhasprovidedabonanzaofscientificinfo
Thetangohasprobablytraveledfurtherandgonethroughmorechangesthanalmost【21】______.Africanslavesbroughtthetango
Thepassengerswillhavea15-minute______stopatBloomington.
aresickseriously/haveseriousillness
Inabreath-takingturnofevents,Asia’seconomieshavegonefrommiracletomeltdowninamatterofweeks.Manyforecasterswh
Predictionsofmanyrobotsinindustryhaveyetcometrue.Fortenyearsormore,manufacturersofbigrobotshaveexplainedhow
Morethan30,000driversandpassengerswhoseatinthefrontofthevehiclesarekilledorseriouslyinjuredeachyear.At
Morethan30000driversandpassengerswhositinthefrontofthevehiclesarekilledorseriouslyinjuredeachyear.Ataspe
Morethan30000driversandpassengerswhositinthefrontofthevehiclesarekilledorseriouslyinjuredeachyear.Ataspe
随机试题
方其系燕父子以组。方:
帕金森病临床表现中下列哪项不对
商业汇票的付款地为其相对记载事项。
基金管理费率通常与基金规模成(),与风险成()。
在固定资产投资决策中,当税法规定的净残值和预计净残值不同时,终结期现金流量的计算一般应考虑所得税的影响。()
下图为某区域图,读图完成问题。造成③、④两地荒漠景观的共同因素是()。
设平面区域D由曲线y=x2,y=4x2与直线y=1围成.求D的形心的纵坐标y;
以下程序的功能是:生成20个200到300之间的随机整数,输出其中能被5整除的数并求出它们的和。请填空。PrivateSubCommand1_Click()Fori=1To20x=
A、TRUEB、FALSEB
HowtoConductEmploymentInterviewsGenerallyspeaking,thepurposeofemploymentinterviewsarethree-fold:a.tomatchac
最新回复
(
0
)