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  3. Is sitting in traffic as inevitable as death and taxes? Perhaps not. Many countries now have dedicated traffic-monitoring centre

Is sitting in traffic as inevitable as death and taxes? Perhaps not. Many countries now have dedicated traffic-monitoring centre

admin2014-04-20  96
问题     Is sitting in traffic as inevitable as death and taxes? Perhaps not. Many countries now have dedicated traffic-monitoring centres linked to networks of cameras and sensors. Throw in traffic-spotting aircraft, accident reports and the known positions of buses fitted with satellite-positioning gear, and it is possible to see exactly what is happening on the roads. Drivers could switch from busy to quiet routes and avoid congestion—if only they had access to this information.
    And now they do. Systems such as the Traffic Message Channel and the Vehicle Information and Communication System(VICS), in Europe and Japan respectively, pipe data from traffic centres into in-car navigation systems via FM radio signals. Drivers can see where the traffic is and try to avoid it. Honda, a Japanese carmaker, even combines VICS data with position data from 150,000 vehicles belonging to members of its Premium Club so that they can choose the fastest lane on a congested road, says David Schrier of ABI Research, a consultancy.
    Meanwhile ITIS, a British company, is one of several firms experimenting with mobile-phone signals to monitor traffic on roads that lack sensors or cameras. Its software hooks into a mobile operator’s network and uses a statistical approach to deduce traffic speeds as phones are "handed off" from one cell tower to another. The data must be cleaned up to exclude pedestrians and cyclists, but this idea has great potential, says Mr Schrier.
    Another way to dodge traffic is to predict where and when it will form. In Redmond, Washington, at the headquarters of Microsoft, employees have been testing a traffic-prediction system called JamBayes. Users register their route preferences and then receive alerts, by e-mail or text message, warning them of impending traffic jam. JamBayes uses a technique called Bayesian modeling to combine real-time traffic data with historical trends, weather information and a list of calendar events such as holidays. Eric Horvitz of Microsoft, who developed the system, says it is accurate 75% of the time, and 3, 000 employees use it daily.
    A system called Beat-the-Traffic, developed by Triangle Software of Campbell, California, with funding from the National Science Foundation, goes further. It not only warns drivers of impending traffic but also suggests an alternative route via e-mail or text message. Andre Gueziec, the firm’s boss, thinks traffic forecasts will become as prevalent as weather forecasts. Indeed, in June, KXTV News 10, a TV station in Sacramento, California, began showing Triangle’s traffic forecasts for the coming week.  
The use of mobile-phone signals in monitoring traffic is______.
选项 A、monopolized by ITIS, a British company
B、promising but still under experiment
C、based on the data from people on roads
D、effective in reducing traffic speeds
答案B
解析 推断题。根据题干中的mobile-phone signals in monitoring traffic定位至第三段首句。该句指出：同时一家英国公司ITIS正在进行实验，用手机信号监测没有安装感应器和摄像头的道路的交通状况。结合该段末句中的this idea has great potential可以推断出[B]为答案。由该段首句中的one of severalfirms可知ITIS不是唯一一家做这项实验的公司，排除[A]。末句指出：数据中必须排除掉行人和骑车的人。这与[C]中的people on roads不一致，故排除。该段第二句提到deduce traffic speeds(推测通行速度)，[D]中reduce是对deduce的曲解，排除。
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