首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Three Concepts in Art History I. Commonalities - Certain chunk of 【T1】______, within which 【T2】______ were shared II.
Three Concepts in Art History I. Commonalities - Certain chunk of 【T1】______, within which 【T2】______ were shared II.
admin
2022-06-26
39
问题
Three Concepts in Art History
I. Commonalities
- Certain chunk of 【T1】______,
within which 【T2】______ were shared
II. Periodization
- A combination of 【T3】______
- Periodizers use words to describe 【T4】______
III. Rules of Periodization
A. 【T5】______
- Newly discovered data, result in 【T6】______ in periodization
B. Era
- Usually long
C. Period
- Shorter than an era
- Sometimes used 【T7】______ with era
- Catch-all category
- Two situations of using "period"
a) Significant ruler was dominant in a specific 【T8】______
b) Nobody was taking control whatsoever
- Period may also be 【T9】______ to an artist
e.g. Picasso’s "blue" and "rose" period
D. Movement
- Elements of movement
a) A band of artists
b) X amount of time
c) 【T10】______
e.g. artistic style, common enemies etc.
- Impressionism
a) Explore new ways of depicting 【T11】______
b) New techniques in 【T12】______
c) Support artistic efforts
d) Hold their own 【T13】______
e) Make the art establishment 【T14】______
- Short-lived
- Less 【T15】______ in contemporary times
【T9】
Three Concepts in Art History
Good morning everyone. Today we will continue our discussion in art history and we are going to focus on three important concepts in art: era, period and movement. The words “era,” “movement” and “period” are plastered all over Art History, but I don’t recall ever, in any class, going over what they are supposed to mean in comparison to one another. I can’t find any credible references, either, but I will do my best in my talk today to help you tell the differences between the three concepts.
First, no matter whether era, period or movement is being employed in a situation, they all mean “historic chunk of time.” Secondly, art created during any of the three is distinguished by characteristics common to the era/period/movement. Whichever term is being bandied about, these two factors apply.
The proper name of historic classification is “periodization.” Periodization seems to be a combination of art and science, and is only entrusted to serious professionals. It’s mostly science, as far as I can tell, because those in charge of periodizing use as many factual dates as are at their disposal. The art part comes in when the periodizers have to use words to describe dates. Someone, somewhere, is always going to disagree with somebody else’s choice of words, with an end result that, occasionally, we’ve got more than one term for the same time frame.
There’s probably a strong argument for foregoing all of this English and using the Vulcan Mind Meld in this periodization business. Since that’s sadly not possible, here are a few rules of thumb about Art History periodization.
Rule of Thumb 1: Periodization is elastic. It is subject to change if and when new data is discovered. This is not unusual in art history, as art is open to interpretation and understanding. There is no one single answer in art or art history.
Rule of Thumb 2: Regarding an Era. An era is usually long, as evidenced by the Baroque Era: around 200 years, if you count the Rococo phase. An even better example would be the Upper Late Paleolithic, an era which covered some 20,000 years’ worth of art and a bunch of geological changes. A note of warning, though. In recent years, “era” has come to be employed with shorter blocks of time, like “the Nixon era”, but that hasn’t got much to do with Art History.
Rule of Thumb 3: Regarding a Period. A period is generally shorter than an era, though they are sometimes used interchangeably. Going by the dictionary, a period should mean “any portion of time.” In other words, period is a bit like the catch-all category in periodization. If we haven’t exact dates, or the chunk of time in question was not a specific era or movement, hey—“period” will suffice!
It seems to me that period mostly comes up in Art History when some significant ruler was calling the shots in a specific geographic location. This happened a lot in the far East; Japanese history, in particular, is chock-full of periods. Nobody was in charge of anything, as was the case during the Migration Period in the European “Dark Ages.”
To confuse things further, however, certain individuals may claim to have worked through this or that period. Picasso, for example, had himself both a “blue” period and a “rose” period. So, a period may also be singular to an artist—though I feel it would be more considerate of the rest of us to refer to such as his or her “phase”, “fling”, “passing fancy” or “temporary insanity.”
Rule of Thumb 4: Regarding a Movement. A movement is less slippery. It means that a group of artists banded together to pursue a certain commonality for “x” amount of time. They had a specific objective in mind when they got together, whether it was a particular artistic style, political mindset, common enemy or what have you.
For example, impressionism was a movement whose participants wanted to explore new ways of depicting light and color, and new techniques in brushwork. Additionally, they were fed up with official salon channels and the politicking that went on there. Having their own movement allowed them three things: support one another in their artistic efforts, hold their own exhibitions and cause discomfort to the Art Establishment.
Movements are relatively short-lived things in Art History. For whatever reason—whether it is mission accomplished, boredom, personality clashes, etc.—artists tend to hang together for months or years and then drift apart. I think this has much to do with the solitary nature of being an artist, but that’s just my opinion. Additionally, movements don’t seem to happen as frequently in contemporary times as they used to. Be that as it may, as one traverses Art History one sees a fair amount of movements, so it’s good to know what it meant, at least.
OK. I think that’s all I have for the three concepts. Let me recap. We need to know that era, period and movement all stand for / “certain amounts of elapsed time, within which artistic characteristics were shared.” This is the most important point. And I have explained the difference between the three concepts to you. In the future, when you read the art literature and come across these terms, recall what we’ve discussed today and you’ll understand the text much better.
选项
答案
singular
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/WbBK777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
A、Speakingasfluentlyasanativespeaker.B、Gainingproficiencyinaforeignlanguage.C、Learningalanguagewellwithinamon
TheoriesofHistoryI.Howmuchweknowabouthistory?A.【T1】______existforonlyafractionofman’stime【T1】______B.Thea
DifferentTypesofLearningI.ThedefinitionoflearningA.AprocessofpeopleexperiencingrelationshipbetweeneventsB.【T1】
DifferentTypesofLearningI.ThedefinitionoflearningA.AprocessofpeopleexperiencingrelationshipbetweeneventsB.【T1】
DifferentTypesofLearningI.ThedefinitionoflearningA.AprocessofpeopleexperiencingrelationshipbetweeneventsB.【T1】
DifferentTypesofLearningI.ThedefinitionoflearningA.AprocessofpeopleexperiencingrelationshipbetweeneventsB.【T1】
A、Beawareofwhomyougiveyoure-mailaddress.B、Askyourfriendsandcontactstodeleteyouremails.C、Usedifferentaddress
A、Itisareasonableclimateofsun.B、Itisacertainmildclimate.C、Itiscoldinwinterandhotinsummer.D、Itisalwaysra
随机试题
文化比较法
在气虚引起血的病理变化中,下列哪一组是正确的
男,40岁,10余年咳嗽、咳脓痰史,1小时前突然大咯血,考虑病因可能为
A.药品生产、经营组织B.药品机构药房组织C.药品教育组织D.药品管理行政组织E.药事社团组织()是为维持和发展药学事业培养药事管理干部的机构,属于药学事业性组织
用A*=lg(B1*)作为危险源分级标准,那么()表示三级重大危险源。
公积金个人住房贷款和商业银行自营性个人住房贷款的区别有()。[2013年11月真题]
市政府要求本周五上午全市各单位统一开展“公众接待日”活动,为了达到较好的效果,领导交办你负责此项工作,要求组织一些人员认真筹备,务必做好落实。作为此项工作负责人,你首先应做好哪项工作?()(单选)
1927年下半年,中共为什么要把工作重心由城市转向农村?1949年七届二中全会上,中共为什么又要把工作重心由农村转向城市?从中得出怎样的启示?
真正使阿瑟.密勒蜚声全球的是1949年上演的()。
Hismessageperplexedhismindtothatdegreethathewasfain,severaltimes,totakeoffhishattoscratchhishead.Excepto
最新回复
(
0
)