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  3. Aging poses a serious challenge to OECD (Organization of Economic Co-operation and Development) countries, in particular, how to

Aging poses a serious challenge to OECD (Organization of Economic Co-operation and Development) countries, in particular, how to

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问题     Aging poses a serious challenge to OECD (Organization of Economic Co-operation and Development) countries, in particular, how to pay for future public pension liabilities. And early retirement places an【C1】______ burden on pension financing. There is no easy solution, but【C2】______ retirement could help.
    Early retirement may seem like a worthy individual goal, but it is a socially【C3】______ one, and makes the present public pension system difficult to sustain for long. The【C4】______ reason is that more people are retiring early and living longer. That means more retirees depending on the【C5】______ of those in work for their income. The【C6】______ is worrying. In the next 50 years, low fertility rates and【C7】______ life expectancy in OECD countries will cause this old-age dependency rate to roughly double【C8】______ size. Public pension payments, which afford 30% ~ 80% of total retirement incomes in OECD countries, are【C9】______ to rise, on average, by over three percentage points in GDP and by as much as eight percentage points in some countries.【C10】______ is the pressure on pension funds that there is a danger of today’s workers not getting the pensions they expected or felt they【C11】______ for.
    Action is needed,【C12】______ simply aiming to reduce the【C13】______ (and cost) of public pensions, or trying to【C14】______ the role of privately funded pensions within the system, though necessary steps, may be【C15】______ to deal with the dependency challenge. After years of【C16】______ early retirement schemes to avoid【C17】______ and higher unemployment, many governments are now looking【C18】______ persuading people to stay in work until they are older. Surely, the thinking goes, if we are healthier now and jobs are physically less【C19】______ and unemployment is down, then perhaps the【C20】______ rate should rise anew.
【C5】
选项 A、donating
B、sponsoring
C、subsidizing
D、funding
答案D
解析 动词辨析。填入的动名词作depend on的介词宾语，说明“退休人员依赖在职者的……以保障他们的收入”。关键是辨析四个核心动词的词义。四个选项都有“提供资金”的含义，donate意为“捐赠，捐献”，一般要接表具体物体、金钱的名词，所赠的对象一般是慈善事业或机构；sponsor意为“赞助(活动，节目等)”，而且目的常常是为了做宣传；subsidize意为“补助，资助(某人或组织支付某种费用)”；fund指supply with money“为……提供资金，资助”。文中说的是在职者“资助”而非“捐赠、赞助或补贴”退休工人的收入。D项符合文意，为正确答案。
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