首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Ecological economics recognizes that humans and their economies are parts of larger natural e-cosystems and co-evolve with those
Ecological economics recognizes that humans and their economies are parts of larger natural e-cosystems and co-evolve with those
admin
2019-04-08
56
问题
Ecological economics recognizes that humans and their economies are parts of larger natural e-cosystems and co-evolve with those natural systems.【T1】
There is a material and energy basis for the relations between human economies and their ecosystems, defining not only economic, but social , structures and processes.
Economies possess general ecosystem properties, such as dynamism, evolution, integrity, stability and sustenance. Economies are embedded in larger natural ecosystems , and exchange flows of materials and energy with natural systems.
【T2】
What makes humans and their economies unique as a sub-ecosystem is their ability, through willful effort, ignorance and human designed tools, to dramatically restructure and reform processes in ecosystems of which they are a part:
The ability is to such a magnitude that human welfare can be diminished or enhanced by those original actions. Some types of economic activities, and the welfare that originates from them, would not be sustainable if they substantially adversely impact natural systems.
【T3】
The willful effort to extract useful things from natural systems is motivated by the satisfaction of basic biological needs and the seemingly limitless search for pleasure through consumption of goods and through social associations.
The magnitude of potential impact on their own welfare through effects on natural systems requires that human decisions be guided by some notion of the value of their actions and the value of their impacts on ecosystems, either in terms of benefits of use or costs of abuse. Some concept of value is required for rational activities of human economies within their natural systems.
Both the structures and processes of natural systems have identifiable instrumental value to the human economy. These narrow use values may be reflected by the summation of individual values, to the extent they are private. However, natural systems also have aesthetic, moral and cultural values. These values are more intrinsic and unmeasurable using traditional human preferences.
【T4】
Valuation is made more complicated by the fact that our natural environment is highly likely to shape values through establishing social and economic relations, aesthetic standards and culture.
If so, our decisions now about the natural environment will shape future value systems, making values endogenous and, therefore, a poor guide to behavior.【T5】
A way out of this dilemma is to make valuations of natural systems based on "What we would like to see society become" rather than to ask what current valuations are.
The value of natural systems is then based on their ability to assist us in becoming what we wish to be.
【T5】
选项
答案
解决这一困境的方法是使自然体系的价值基于“我们希望社会能够变成的模样”,而非探讨当前的价值是什么。
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/XECd777K
本试题收录于:
公共英语四级笔试题库公共英语(PETS)分类
0
公共英语四级笔试
公共英语(PETS)
相关试题推荐
Broadlyspeaking,theEnglishmanisaquiet,shy,reservedpersonwhoisfully【21】______onlyamongpeopleheknowswell.In
WhichoneofthefollowingisnotmentionedbyKerry?
TheCarnegieFoundationreportsaysthatmanycollegeshavetriedtobe"allthingstoallpeople".Indoingso,theyhaveincre
WhichofthefollowingistrueabouttheInternetaccordingtothetalk?
Therelationoflanguageandmindhasinterestedphilosophersformanycenturies.61)TheGreeksassumedthatthestructureofl
Floods,stormsandothernaturaleventskillthousandsofpeopleeveryyear.Sodoesextremeheat.Expertssayheatmaybenatur
Asoneofthebiggestrestaurantsintheworld,McDonald’soriginationanddevelopmenthasbeenamiracleinthisfield.TheMcD
Allthewisdomoftheages,allthestoriesthathavedelightedmankindforcenturies,areeasilyandcheaply【21】toallofus【22
Allthewisdomoftheages,allthestoriesthathavedelightedmankindforcenturies,areeasilyandcheaply【21】toallofus【22
Allthewisdomoftheages,allthestoriesthathavedelightedmankindforcenturies,areeasilyandcheaply【21】toallofus【22
随机试题
某公司希望5年后有1000万元资金,年复利率i=10%,现在需一次存款()万元才能实现。
小学生注意的一般特征表现在()。
关于我国传统饮食文化,下列说法不正确的是()。
双:手
2014年1—11月,G省经济继续平稳运行,工业生产保持平稳,企业利润增速有所放缓。1—11月,G省规模以上工业实现增加值26350.93亿元,同比增长8.4%,增速与前两月持平,同比回落0.3个百分点。其中重工业增长9.1%,轻工业增长7.2%,增速均与
Brazilhasbecomeoneofthedevelopingworld’sgreatsuccessesatreducingpopulationgrowth—butmorebyaccidentthandesign.
A、 B、 C、 D、 D
WWW客户机与WWW服务器之间的信息传输使用的协议为______。
在关系代数运算中,有5种基本运算;它们是()。
(1)RemembertheStoneAgedaysofresearchbackinelementaryschoolandmiddleschool?Wewouldspendcountlesshoursdigesting
最新回复
(
0
)