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  3. Most episodes of absent-mindedness—forgetting where you left something or wondering why you just entered a room—are caused by a

Most episodes of absent-mindedness—forgetting where you left something or wondering why you just entered a room—are caused by a

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问题     Most episodes of absent-mindedness—forgetting where you left something or wondering why you just entered a room—are caused by a simple lack of attention, says Schacter. "You’re supposed to remember something, but you haven’t encoded it deeply. "
    Encoding, Schacter explains, is a special way of paying attention to an event that has a major impact on recalling it later. Failure to encode properly can create annoying situations. If you put your mobile phone in a pocket, for example, and don’t pay attention to what you did because you’re involved in a conversation, you’ll probably forget that the phone is in the jacket now hanging in your wardrobe (衣柜). " Your memory itself isn’t failing you," says Schacter. " Rather you didn’t give your memory system the information it needed. "
    Lack of interest can also lead to absent-mindedness. "A man who can recite sports statistics from 30 years ago," says Zelinski, "may not remember to drop a letter in the mailbox. " Women have slighdy better memories than men possibly because they pay more attention to their environment and memory relies on just that. Visual cues can help prevent absent-mindedness says Schacter. " But be sure the cue is clear and available," he cautions. If you want to remember to take a medication (药物) with lunch, put the pill bottle on the kitchen table— don’t leave it in the medicine chest or write yourself a note that you keep in a pocket.
    Another common episode of absent-mindedness is walking into a room and wondering why you’re there. Most likely you were thinking about something else. "Everyone does this from time to time," says Zelinski. The best thing to do is to return to where you were before entering the room and you’ll likely remember.
One possible reason why women have better memories than men is that______.
选项 A、they have a wider range of interests
B、they are more reliant on the environment
C、they have an unusual power of focusing dieir attention
D、they are more interested in what’s happening around them
答案D
解析 细节题。本题是问女性比男性记忆力好的可能性原因是什么。根据关键词语women have better memories可定位到第三段最后一句话。其中because明确表明了因果关系，即女性更关注周围环境，记忆也依赖于环境存在possibly because they pay more attention to their environment and memory relies on just that(=environment)。观察四个选项，我们可以看出pay more attention to the environment=be more interest—ed in what’s happening around them。所以D为正确选项。
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