首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Because early man viewed illness as divine punishment and healing as purification, medicine and religion were inextricably linke
Because early man viewed illness as divine punishment and healing as purification, medicine and religion were inextricably linke
admin
2023-03-07
56
问题
Because early man viewed illness as divine punishment and healing as purification, medicine and religion were inextricably linked for centuries. This notion is apparent in the origin of our word "pharmacy," which comes from the Greek
pharmakon
, meaning "purification through purging."
By 3500 B.C., the Sumerians in the Tigris-Euphrates Valley had developed virtually all of our modern methods of administering drugs. They used gargles, inhalations, pills, lotions, ointments, and plasters. The first drug catalog, or pharmacopoeia, was written at that time by an unknown Sumerian physician. Preserved in cuneiform script on a single clay tablet are the names of dozens of drugs to treat ailments that still afflict us today.
The Egyptians added to the ancient medicine chest The Ebers papyrus, a scroll dating from the 1900 B.C.and named after the German Egyptologist George Ebers, reveals the trial-and-error know-how acquired by early Egyptian physicians. To relieve indigestion, a chew of peppermint leaves and carbonates (known today as antacids) was prescribed, and to numb the pain of tooth extraction, Egyptian doctors temporarily stupefied a patient with ethyl alcohol. The scroll also provides a rare glimpse into the hierarchy of ancient drug preparation. The "chief of the preparers of drugs" was the equivalent of a head pharmacist, who supervised the "collectors of drugs", field workers who gathered essential minerals and herbs. The "preparers’ aides," (technicians) dried and pulverized ingredients, which were blended according to certain formulas by the "preparers." And the "conservator of drugs" oversaw the storehouse where local and imported mineral, herb and animal-organ ingredients were kept.
By the 7th century BC, the Greeks had adopted a sophisticated mind-body view of medicine. They believed the physician must pursue the diagnosis and treatment of the physical (body) causes of disease within a scientific framework, as well as cure the supernatural (mind) components involved. Thus, the early Greek physician emphasized something of a
holistic
approach to health, even if the suspected "mental" causes of disease were not recognized as stress and depression, but interpreted as curses from displeased deities.
The modern era of pharmacology began in the 16th century, ushered in by the first major discoveries in chemistry. The understanding of how chemicals interact to produce certain effects within the body would eventually remove much of the guesswork and magic from medicine. Drugs had been launched on a scientific course, but centuries would pass before superstition was displaced by scientific fact One major reason was that physicians, unaware of the existence of disease-causing
pathogens
, continued to dream up imaginary causative evils. And though new chemical compounds emerged, their effectiveness in treating disease was still based largely on trial and error. Many standard, common drugs in the medicine chest were developed in this trial-and-error environment. Such is the complexity of disease and human biochemistry that even today, despite enormous strides in medical science, many of the latest sophisticated additions to our medicine chest shelves were accidental finds.
According to Paragraph 2, which of the following is a similarity between ancient Sumerian drugs and modern drugs?
选项
A、like modem drugs, ancient Sumerian drugs were used for both mental and physical diseases.
B、Both Sumerian drugs and modern drugs are products of complicated chemical research.
C、The way patients could take drugs is the same.
D、The ancient Sumerian drugs were made of the same chemicals as the modern drugs.
答案
C
解析
根据第2段第1句“到了公元前3500年,底格里斯一幼发拉底河河谷的苏美尔人就已经研发出几乎所有现代的用药方法(methods of administering drugs)”,故现代药物和古苏美尔药物之间相似的是用药方法。故C“病人服药方式一样”正确。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/XPcD777K
本试题收录于:
CATTI三级笔译综合能力题库翻译专业资格(CATTI)分类
0
CATTI三级笔译综合能力
翻译专业资格(CATTI)
相关试题推荐
SupposeyouareamemberoftheStudents’Unionandyouruniversitywillholdanexperiencesharingmeetingaboutthepostgradua
Mostmalesintheanimalkingdomdolittleparenting.Sometimes,though,parentalinvestmentbyamalepaysoff.Songbirdchicks
Inanew【C1】________publishedinthejournalHeart,researchersfoundthatSwissadultswhotookoneortwodaytimenapsperwee
WhydopeoplereadnegativeInternetcommentsanddootherthingsthatwillobviouslybepainful?Becausehumanshaveaninheren
HarlanCobenbelievesthatifyou’reawriter,you’llfindthetime;andthatifyoucan’tfindthetime,thenwritingisn’tap
Rememberbooks?Theywerethosepiecesofpaperwithwordsprintedonthem【C1】________inbetweentwo,sometimes,【C2】________cove
Nowadays,amateurphotographyhasbecomeatroublingissue.Citizensofrichcountrieshavegotusedtobeingwatchedbyclosed-
Everyoneknowsthatthefirstruleofdrivingisnevertakingyoureyesofftheroad.Teendrivers【C1】________beingcareful,bu
FewwoulddisputethattheLansleyreformsoftheNationalHealthServiceinEngland,embodiedintheHealthandSocialCareAct
Inwhicharticle(s)does(do)theauthor(s)providethefactthatcountriesvaryintheirconceptofadulthood?【P1】__
随机试题
采用抵免方法解决国际重复征税的国家,绝大多数都实行()
A.脊髓灰质炎病毒B.疱疹病毒C.乳头瘤病毒D.狂犬病毒E.丙型肝炎病毒经消化道传播的病毒是
关于药剂学概念正确的表述是()。
钻孔灌柱桩施工,当钻机就位后,应全面检查()等是否完好正常。
要想发挥素质教育的作用,就必须要注重发挥教师在教育教学中的()。
下列凝血因子中,最不稳定的是()。
你单位召开一个工作会议,会上需印发一个实施方案,但在开会前2小时,有工作人员发现实施方案有错误。可能影响会议正常召开,你怎么办?
2014年2月5日,马某与陈某订立一份房屋买卖合同,约定陈某购买马某的房屋一套(以下称1号房),价格80万元。并约定,合同签订后一周内陈某先付20万元,交付房屋后付30万元,办理过户登记后付30万元。2月8日,梁某得知马某欲将该房屋出卖,表示愿出90万元购
设x=1,y=2,z=3,则表达式y+=z--/++x的值是()。
•Lookatthenotesbelow.•Youwillhearamessageaboutamantelephoningatravelagent.BOOKING
最新回复
(
0
)