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  3. When I ask veteran college teachers and administrators to describe how college students have changed over the years, I often get

When I ask veteran college teachers and administrators to describe how college students have changed over the years, I often get

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问题    When I ask veteran college teachers and administrators to describe how college students have changed over the years, I often get an answer like this: "Today’s students are more accomplished than past generations, but they are also more emotionally fragile." That rings true to me.
   And if you hang around the middle aged, you hear a common story line to explain the rise of the orchid generation. Once upon a time, the story line goes, kids were raised in a tough environment. 【F1】But today, helicopter parents protect their children from setbacks and hardship; they supervise every playground conflict so kids never learn to handle disputes or deal with pain.
   There’s a lot of truth to that narrative, but let’s not be too sentimental for the past. A lot of what we take to be the toughness of the past was really just heartlessness. 【F2】There was a greater tendency in years gone by to wall off emotions, to put on a thick skin—for some men to be stone-like and uncommunicative and for some women to be brittle and untouchable.
   Perhaps it’s time to rethink toughness. Being emotionally tough is not some defensive posture. It’s not having some armor surrounding you so that nothing can hurt you.
   People are much stronger than they think they are when in pursuit of their purpose for living. In short, emotional fragility is not only caused by overprotective parenting. It’s also caused by anything that makes it harder for people to find their purpose for living. It’s caused by the culture of modem psychology, which sometimes tries to talk about psychological traits in isolation from moral purposes. 【F3】It’s caused by the guiding beliefs of the modern university, which in the name of "critical thinking" encourages students to be detached and destructively skeptical. It’s caused by the status code of modern meritocracy, which encourages people to pursue success symbols that they don’t actually desire.
   【F4】We are all fragile when we don’t know what our purpose is, when we haven’t thrown ourselves with abandon into a social role, when we haven’t committed ourselves to certain people, when we feel like a swimmer in an ocean with no edge.
   【F5】If you really want people to be tough, make them idealistic for some cause, make them tender for some other person, make them committed to some worldview that puts today’s temporary pain in the context of a larger hope.
   Emotional fragility seems like a psychological problem, but it has only a philosophical answer. People are really tough only after they have taken a leap of faith for some truth or mission or love.
【F2】
选项
答案在过去那些年，一个更大的趋势是人们戴上厚厚的面具，把情感隐藏起来——有些男性会像石头一样冷冰冰的，不跟人交流，而有些女人变得冷漠，不可接近。
解析 ①本句尽管较长，却是一个简单句：破折号前的内容是主干部分，破折号后的内容是对主干部分的解释。②主干部分in years gone by作时间状语，说明这个更大的趋势存在的时间，不定式短语to wall off emotions作后置定语，修饰tendency，具体说明该趋势是怎样的，to put on a thick skin是同位语，对to wall off emotions进行解释。
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