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  3. The use of solar and wind power is now increasing rapidly, raising hope that such alter-native energy technologies can significa

The use of solar and wind power is now increasing rapidly, raising hope that such alter-native energy technologies can significa

admin2010-06-18  25
问题     The use of solar and wind power is now increasing rapidly, raising hope that such alter-native energy technologies can significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions and generate new jobs.
   The global wind power industry, for example, has become a $ 2-billion-a-year business, expanding at a rate of 25% per year. India, China, and a dozen European nations have installed thousands of wind turbines that generate electricity at a cost comparable to new coal-fired power plants. In the 1990s, Germany has created 10,000 new jobs in its wind industry. Wind power now provides less than 1% of the world’s total electricity, but that figure could climb to 20% or more within 50 years, according to Worldwatch Institute researchers.
   Solar power is the second fastest growing energy source today. The cost of buying a kilowatt worth of solar photovoltaic cells dropped from $ 70,000 in the 1970s to $ 4,000 in 1997, and in 10 years it could go as low as $1,000. Approximately 400,000 homes--many in remote areas not connected by power lines--already use solar power. Worldwatch studies suggest that covering the rooftops of existing buildings with solar cells could meet more than half of the electricity needs each year.
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答案 太阳能和风能的利用目前得到了迅速的发展，随之而来的是人们希望这些代用能源技术能够显著减少温室气体的排放并创造新的就业机会。 例如，全球风能工业已成为一项每年20亿美元的实业，并以每年25%的比率扩展。印度、中国及12个欧洲国家已安装了成千上万个发电用的风力涡轮机，其费用与新建燃煤电厂不相上下。90年代，德国已在它的风能工业上创造了一万个新的就业机会。风力发电目前在世界总电力中不到1%，但世界观察协会的研究人员认为，这一数字在未来的50年内会上升到20%或更多。 太阳能是今天第二位增长最快的能源。购买可发电1 000瓦的太阳能光电池所花的费用从70年代的七万美元降至1997年的4 000美元，而且在10年后费用可能会低至1 000美元。大约有40万户家庭(许多家庭位于边远地区而无法用电线联网供电)早已使用太阳能发电。世界观察协会的研究表明：用太阳能硅片覆盖现有建筑物的屋顶可满足每年半数以上的电力需要。
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