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  3. A new study from researchers in Europe claims that the average IQ in Western nations dropped by a staggering 14.1 points over th

A new study from researchers in Europe claims that the average IQ in Western nations dropped by a staggering 14.1 points over th

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问题     A new study from researchers in Europe claims that the average IQ in Western nations dropped by a staggering 14.1 points over the past century.
    “We tested the【C1】________that the Victorians were cleverer than modern populations using high-quality instruments, namely measures of simple visual reaction time in a meta-analytic study,” the researchers wrote in the study, which was published online in the journal Intelligence on Thursday. “Simple reaction time measures correlate【C2】________with measures of general intelligence and are considered elementary measures of【C3】________.”
    The results might surprise some. Especially if the researchers were simply measuring visual response times. After all, in a digital world constantly【C4】________for our attention, it would seem people generally respond more quickly to visual stimuli. However, the results appear to indicate something different.
    The Victorian era ran roughly from 1837 to 1901, 【C5】________with the reign of England’s Queen Victoria. Some have credited the Reform Act of 1832 with sparking an era of previously【C6】________peace and prosperity in the U.K. The results were measured using data from 1889 to 2004 and were analyzed by Michael A. Woodley in Brussels.
    So why has there been such a【C7】________drop? As UPI notes, previous research studies have found that women of higher intelligence tend to have fewer children on average, meaning that population growth may be driven by those with a lower IQ. And over time, the abundance of less intelligent【C8】________would affect the overall IQ average. On average, the general intelligence of those populations measured【C9】________by 1.23 points per decade. “These findings strongly indicate that with【C10】________to general intelligence the Victorians were substantially cleverer than modern Western populations,” the study says.
    A) aspect     F) completing      K) respect
    B) climbed    G) dropped         L) sharp
    C) cognition  H) hypothesis      M) steady
    D) coinciding I) insignificantly N) substantially
    E) competing  J) offspring       O) unprecedented
【C8】
选项
答案J
解析 空格前是形容词intelligent，后面是动词would affect，故此处需要填入名词。上文提到，之前的研究发现智商更高的女性往往生的孩子少，这就意味着人口增长可能是由智商较低的女性生的孩子多导致的。长久以来，低智商的人更多了，就影响了总体平均智商，故该处应填入J项offspring“后代，子孙”。
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