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  3. In families with two working parents, fathers may have more impact on a child’s language development than mothers, a new study s

In families with two working parents, fathers may have more impact on a child’s language development than mothers, a new study s

admin2010-01-17  73
问题     In families with two working parents, fathers may have more impact on a child’s language development than mothers, a new study suggests.
    Researchers 【S1】______ 92 families from 11 child care centers before their children were a year old, interviewing each to establish income, level of education and child care arrangements. Overall, it was a group of well-educated middle-class families, with married parents both living in the home.
    When the children were 2, researchers videotaped them at home in free-play sessions with both parents, 【S2】______ all of their speech. The study will appear in the November issue of The Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology.
    The scientists measured the 【S3】______ number of utterances(话语) of the parents, the number of different words they used, the complexity of their sentences and other 【S4】______ of their speech. On average, fathers spoke less than mothers did, but they did not differ in the length of utterances or proportion of questions asked.
    Finally, the researchers 【S5】______ the children’s speech at age 3, using a standardized language test. The only predictors of high scores on the test were the mother’s level of education, the 【S6】______ of child care and the number of different words the father used.
    The researchers are 【S7】______ why the father’s speech, and not the mother’s, had an effect.
    "It’s well 【S8】______ that the mother’s language does have an impact", said Nadya Pancsofar, the lead author of the study.  It could be that the high-functioning mothers in the study had 【S9】______ had a strong influence on their children’s speech development, Ms. Pancsofar said, " or it may be that mothers are 【S10】______ in a way we didn’t measure in the study".

A) already           B) analyzed          C) aspects          D) characters
E) contributing      F) describing        G) established      H) quality
I) quoted            J)recording          K)recruited         L) total
M)unconscious        N)unsure             O) yet
选项
答案K
解析 【选项分析】
A)already(副词)    B)analyzed(动词)    C)aspects(名词)
D)characters(名词)    E)contributing(非谓语动词)    F)describing(非谓语动词)
G)established(动词或形容词)  H)quality(名词)    I)quoted(动词)
J)recording(非谓语动词)    K)recruited(动词)    L)total(形容词)
M)unconscious(形容词)    N)unsure(形容词)    O)yet(副词)
【全文翻译】
    一项新的研究表明，在一个家庭里，如果父母都有工作的话，父亲对孩子的语言发展的影响力要大于母亲。
    研究人员从11个育儿中心招募了92个家庭进行配合研究，这些家庭具备以下条件：有一岁幼儿，有稳定的收入，较高的学历及育儿计划。总的来说，这是一组受过良好教育的中产阶级的双亲家庭。
    当孩子两岁时，研究人员用摄像机拍摄下了他们和父母在家自由玩耍时的影像，并记录下他们的话语。这项研究将发表在十一月出版的《应用发展心理学期刊》上。
    科学家们研究了这些父母说的所有的话，包括他们所使用不同词汇的数量以及句子的复杂性等方方面面。平均来说，父亲说得比母亲少，但话语的长度和提问题的比率却是一样的。
    最后研究人员用标准的语言测试分析了孩子三岁时的话语，其中仅有母亲的教育水平、孩子被照顾的质量以及父亲所使用不同词汇的数量能预测到孩子能否在测试中得高分。
    研究人员并不确信为什么是父亲的话而不是母亲的话在起作用。
    这项研究的主要作者Nadya Pancsofar说："母亲的语言的确有影响"。可能在这项研究中"高功能"母亲们已经在孩子的语言发展上起了很强的作用了，Pancsofar女士说："或者可能是母亲们起作用的方式在我们的研究中没有测试出"。

S1:动词。很明显空格处需要一个动词作谓语，根据全文的时态，此处的动词应该是过去时，这句话的意思是"研究人员从11个育儿中心招募了92个家庭进行配合研究"。但是在选项中却没有表达"招募"意思的词，然而换位思考一下，如果我们是符合条件的家庭，可能会主动提出申请，参加这个研究项目，我们就是被接纳的对象，选项中的recruited就含有这层含义，是"招募，招收，招生"的意思，选项中的其他选项虽然形式符合，但意思不符。
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