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  3. The crucial point is this: labor, land and money are essential elements of industry; they also must be organized in market; in f

The crucial point is this: labor, land and money are essential elements of industry; they also must be organized in market; in f

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问题 The crucial point is this: labor, land and money are essential elements of industry; they also must be organized in market; in fact, these markets form an absolutely vital part of the economic-system. But labor, land and money are obviously not commodities. Labor is only another name for a human activity which goes with life itself, which in its turn is not produced for sale but for entirely different seasons, nor can that activity be detached from the rest of life, be stored or mobilized; land is only another name for nature, which is not produced by man; actual money, finally, is merely a token of purchasing power which, as a rule, is not produced at all, but comes into being through the mechanism of banking or state finance. None of them is produced for sale. The commodity description of labor, land and money is entirely fictitious.
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答案关键在于：劳动力、土地和金钱是工业的基本要素;在市场上，它们还必须以组织有序的形式 呈现;事实上，这些市场构成了经济体系中绝对重要的一部分。然而劳动力、土地和金钱显然 不是商品。劳动只不过是一种与生命相伴的人类活动的别名。这种人类活动不是为了出售而产 生的，而是顺应不同季节而出现的。并且这种活动也不能与生命体的其他活动分离开来，无法被储存和调用。土地只是自然的另一个名称，它不是由人类产生的;实际的货币仅仅是购买力 的一种表征，一般来说，这种购买力根本无法被生产，而是通过银行或国家财政机制形成的。 它们都不是为销售而存在的。对劳动、土地和金钱的商品性描述完全是虚构的。
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