2. 外语
  3. 至于负者歌于滁，行者休于树，前者呼，后者应，伛偻提携，往来而不绝者，滁人游也。临溪而渔，溪深而鱼肥；酿泉为酒，泉香而酒冽；山肴野蔌，杂然而前陈者，太守宴也。宴酣之乐，非丝非竹，射者中，弈者胜，觥筹交错，坐起而喧者，众宾欢也。苍然白发，颓乎其中者，太守醉也。

至于负者歌于滁，行者休于树，前者呼，后者应，伛偻提携，往来而不绝者，滁人游也。临溪而渔，溪深而鱼肥；酿泉为酒，泉香而酒冽；山肴野蔌，杂然而前陈者，太守宴也。宴酣之乐，非丝非竹，射者中，弈者胜，觥筹交错，坐起而喧者，众宾欢也。苍然白发，颓乎其中者，太守醉也。

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问题     至于负者歌于滁，行者休于树，前者呼，后者应，伛偻提携，往来而不绝者，滁人游也。临溪而渔，溪深而鱼肥；酿泉为酒，泉香而酒冽；山肴野蔌，杂然而前陈者，太守宴也。宴酣之乐，非丝非竹，射者中，弈者胜，觥筹交错，坐起而喧者，众宾欢也。苍然白发，颓乎其中者，太守醉也。
    已而夕阳在山，人影散乱，太守归而宾客从也。树林阴翳，鸣声上下，游人去而禽鸟乐也。然而禽鸟知山林之乐，而不知人之乐；人知从太守游而乐，而不知太守之乐其乐也。醉能同其乐，醒能述其文者，太守也。太守谓谁?庐陵欧阳修也。
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答案 And the local people may be seen making their way there and back in an endless stream, the old and infirm as well as infants in arms, men carrying burdens who sing as they go, pass-ersby stopping to rest beneath the trees, those in front calling out and those behind answering. There the governor gives a feast with a variety of dishes before him, mostly wild vegetables and mountain produce. The fish are freshly caught from the stream, since the stream is deep and the fish are fat: the wine is brewed with spring water, since the spring is sweet and the wine is superb. There they feast and drink merrily with no accompaniment of strings or flutes: when someone wins a game of touhu or chess, when they mark up their scores in drinking games together, or raise a cheerful din sitting or standing, it can be seen that the guests are enjoying themselves. The elderly man with white hair in the middle, who sits utterly relaxed and at his ease, is the governor, already half drunk. Then the sun sinks towards the hills, men’s shadows begin to flit about and scatter: and now the governor leaves, followed by his guests. In the shade of the woods birds chirp above and below, showing that the men have gone and the birds are at peace. But although the birds enjoy the hills and forests, they cannot understand the men’s pleasure in them: and although men enjoy accompanying the governor there, they cannot understand his pleasure either. The governor is able to share his enjoyment with others when he is in his cups, and sober again can write an essay about it. Who is this governor? Ouyang Xiu of Luling.
解析     《醉翁亭记》作于宋仁宗庆历六年，作者欧阳修是我国北宋时的著名散文家和诗人。文章描写了滁州一带自然景物的幽深秀美，滁州百姓和平宁静的生活，特别是作者在山林中游赏宴饮的乐趣。全文贯穿一个“乐”字，其中包含着比较复杂曲折的内容。一则暗示出一个封建地方长官能“与民同乐”的情怀，一则在寄情山水背后隐藏着难言的苦衷。翻译古文时要注意吃透文章字里行间的意思，并选用合适贴切的词汇来表达。
1．  “临溪而渔，溪深而鱼肥”：  “溪”(stream)，  “渔”即“捕鱼，钓鱼”，因为句子没有主语，因此译成被动句，  “The fish are freshly caught from the stream，since the strearn is deep and the fish are fat”。
2．  “酿泉为酒，泉香而酒冽”：  “酿酒”直译为“brew”，  “泉香”指“泉水香甜”，“冽”表示“清澈”，说明酒酿得非常好：句子译为“the wine is brewed with spring water，and since the spring is sweet and the wine is superb．”。
3．  “山肴野蔌，杂然而前陈者，太守宴也。宴酣之乐，非丝非竹”：  “山肴野蔌”指“野味野菜”，  “杂然”指“交错的样子”，  “前陈”指“在面前摆着”，  “宴”指“举行酒宴”。 “宴酣之乐，非丝非竹”指“宴会喝酒的乐趣，不在于音乐”。全句译为“There they feast and drink merrily with no accompaniment of strings or flutes．”。
4．  “射者中，弈者胜，觥筹交错，坐起而喧哗者，众宾欢也。”：这里“射者中”玩的是古时的投壶游戏，  “弈者胜”则是指下棋。  “觥筹交错”指“酒杯和酒筹交互错杂”。全句译为“when someone wins a game of touhu or chess，when they mark up their scores in drinking games together, or raise a cheerful din sitting or standing，it can be seen that the guests are enjoying themselves．”。
5．  “苍然自发，颓乎其中者，太守醉也。”：  “颓乎其中者”指“醉醺醺地坐在众人之间”。
全句译为“The elderly man with white hair in the middle，who sits utterly relaxed and at his ease，is the governor,already half drunk．”。
6．  “已而夕阳在山，人影散乱，太守归而宾客从也。”：  “已而”指“不久”，在处理“人影散乱”时要注意译出“散”(scatter)和“乱”(flit about)，flit about原指飞来飞去，这里表示酒醉后的宾客脚步蹒跚。全句泽为“Then the sun sinks towards the hills， men’s shadows begin to flit about and scatter；and now the governor leaves，followed by his guests．”。
7．  “树林阴翳，鸣声上下，游人去而禽鸟乐也。”：  “阴翳”形容枝叶茂密成荫。  “鸣声上下”意思是鸟到处鸣叫，  “鸣叫”可以用“chirp”，形象生动地描绘出鸟儿叽叽喳喳的样子。  “而”表示转折，  “但是”。全句译为“In the shade of the woods birds chirp above and below，showing that the men have gone and the birds are at peace．”。
8．  “禽鸟知山林之乐”：  “山”和“林”即“hills and forests”，全句译为“the birds enjoy the hills and forests”。
9．  “太守”：古代官职，相当英语中的“governor”。
10．  “醉能同其乐，醒能述其文者，太守也。”：前文的“醉”已经译成“drunk”，这里我们可以用“in his cups”，体现出“觥筹交错”的感觉。  “醒”与“醉”相对，因此我们用“sober”来表达“醒”，  “sober”的意思是“清醒的，未醉的”。全句译为“The governor is able to share his enjoyment with others when he is in his cups，and sober again can write an essay about it．”。
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