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  3. Habits are a funny thing. We reach for them mindlessly, setting our brains on auto-pilot and relaxing into the unconscious comfo

Habits are a funny thing. We reach for them mindlessly, setting our brains on auto-pilot and relaxing into the unconscious comfo

admin2017-07-31  20
问题     Habits are a funny thing. We reach for them mindlessly, setting our brains on auto-pilot and relaxing into the unconscious comfort of familiar routine." Not choice, but habit rules the unreflecting herd." William Wordsworth said in the 19th century. In the ever-changing 21st century, even the word "habit" carries a negative connotation.
    So it seems antithetical to talk about habits in the same context as creativity and innovation. But brain researchers have discovered that when we consciously develop new habits, we create parallel synaptic paths, and even entirely new brain cells, that can jump our trains of thought onto new, innovative tracks.
    Rather than dismissing ourselves as unchangeable creatures of habit, we can instead direct our own change by consciously developing new habits.In fact, the more new things we try — the more we step outside our comfort zone — the more inherently creative we become, both in the workplace and in our personal lives.
    But don’t bother trying to kill off old habits, once those ruts of procedure are worn into the brain, they’re there to stay. Instead, the new habits we deliberately ingrain into ourselves create parallel pathways that can bypass those old roads.
    "The first thing needed for innovation is a fascination with wonder," says Dawna Markova, author of "The Open Mind". "But we are taught instead to ’decide,’ just as our president calls himself ’the Decider.’" She adds, however, that "to decide is to kill off all possibilities but one. A good innovational thinker is always exploring the many other possibilities."
    All of us work through problems in ways of which we’re unaware, she says. Researchers in the late 1960s discovered that humans are born with the capacity to approach challenges in four primary ways: analytically, procedurally, relationally(or collaboratively)and innovatively. At the end of adolescence, however, the brain shuts down half of that capacity, preserving only those modes of thought that have seemed most valuable during the first decade or so of life.
    The current emphasis on standardized testing highlights analysis and procedure, meaning that few of us inherently use our innovative and collaborative modes of thought. "This breaks the major rule in the American belief system — that anyone can do anything," explains M.J.Ryan, author of the 2006 book "This Year I Will..." and Ms. Markova’s business partner. "That’s a lie that we have perpetuated, and it fosters commonness. Knowing what you’re good at and doing even more of it creates excellence." This is where developing new habits comes in.
Dawna Markova would most probably agree that______.
选项 A、ideas are born of a relaxing mind
B、innovativeness could be taught
C、decisiveness derives from fantastic ideas
D、curiosity activates creative minds
答案D
解析 本题首先利用“Dawna Markova”定位到第五段，首句The first thing needed for innovation is a fascination with wonder“革新所需要的第一样东西，就是一种对于好奇的着迷。”此句便可得出答案，且随后接着讲到“做了一个决定意味着扼杀了其他所有的可能性，优秀的具有革新精神的思想家总是探寻许多可能性的。”这些都可以推出D为答案。
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