首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
What is making the world so much older? There are two long-term causes and a temporary blip that will continue to show up in the
What is making the world so much older? There are two long-term causes and a temporary blip that will continue to show up in the
admin
2015-12-28
83
问题
What is making the world so much older? There are two long-term causes and a temporary blip that will continue to show up in the figures for the next few decades.【F1】
The first of the big causes is that people everywhere are living far longer than they used to, and this trend started with the industrial revolution and has been slowly gathering pace.
In 1900 average life expectancy at birth for the world as a whole was only around 30 years, and in rich countries under 50. The figures now are 67 and 78 respectively, and still rising. For all the talk about the coming old-age crisis, that is surely something to be grateful for-especially since older people these days also seem to remain healthy, fit and active for much longer.
【F2】
A second, and bigger, cause of the ageing of societies is that people everywhere are having far fewer children, so the younger age groups are much too small to counterbalance the growing number of older people.
This trend emerged later than the one for longer lives, first in developed countries and now in poor countries too. In the early 1970s women across the world were still, on average, having 4.3 children each. The current global average is 2.6, and in rich countries only 1.6.【F3】
The UN predicts that by 2050 the global figure will have dropped to just two, so by mid-century the world’s population will begin to level out.
The numbers in some developed countries have already started shrinking. Depending on your point of view, that may or may not be a good thing, but it will certainly turn the world into a different place.
The temporary blip that has magnified the effects of lower fertility and greater longevity is the baby-boom that arrived in most rich countries after the Second World War.【F4】
The timing varied slightly from place to place, but in America—where the effect was strongest—it covered roughly the 20 years from 1945, a period when nearly 80 million Americans were born.
The first of them are now coming up to retirement. For the next 20 years those baby-boomers will be swelling the ranks of pensioners, which will lead to a rapid drop in the working population all over the rich world.
As always, the averages mask considerable diversity.【F5】
Most developing countries do not have to worry about ageing—yet, in the longer term, however, the same factors as in the rich world—fewer births, longer lives—will cause poorer countries to age too.
【F2】
选项
答案
第二个原因就是世界各地新生人口数量越来越少,结果导致年轻人群数量过少,无法和不断增长的老龄人数持平。这也是造成社会老龄化更主要的原因。
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/ZGsZ777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
Sevenyearsago,whenIwasvisitingGermany,Imetwithanofficialwhoexplainedtomethatthecountryhadaperfectsolution
Sevenyearsago,whenIwasvisitingGermany,Imetwithanofficialwhoexplainedtomethatthecountryhadaperfectsolution
Sevenyearsago,whenIwasvisitingGermany,Imetwithanofficialwhoexplainedtomethatthecountryhadaperfectsolution
AnearthquakehitKashmironOct.8,2005.Ittooksome75000lives,【C1】______130000andleftnearly3.5millionwithoutfood
AnearthquakehitKashmironOct.8,2005.Ittooksome75000lives,【C1】______130000andleftnearly3.5millionwithoutfood
城市对人类生活的重要性及面临的问题——1987年英译汉及详解Havetherealwaysbeencities?【F1】Lifewithoutlargeurbanareasmayseeminconceivabletous,b
Inthatmythicalera【B1】______childrenwereseenandnotheard,anddid【B2】______theyweretoldwithout【B3】______,everyoneknew
Internetallowedpeopletopaylowerpricesforbooksbutalsoencouragedthemtopayhighpricesforsharesinlossmakingdotco
YouplannedtogototheNationalLibrarywithyourfriendtomorrow.Butnowyouhaveanimportantjobinterview.Writeanemail
A.Don’tTrytoScareYourselfStraightB.GetBetterFriendsC.QuitCompletelyD.FocusonYourAchievementsE.Don’tKidYour
随机试题
Shouldanimalexperimentationbebanned?Thishasbeenanintenselydiscussedquestionforyears.Thefollowingarethesupporte
关于感受器适应现象的叙述,错误的是
残髓炎可发生于
患儿,女,9岁。家长诉患儿常出现四肢不自主抖动及挤眉弄眼,持物不稳,但是睡眠时症状消失。查体:体温36.9℃,脉搏118次/分,扁桃体二度肿大,心尖部可闻及Ⅱ级收缩期杂音,初步诊断为风湿性心脏炎伴舞蹈病。最合适的药物治疗组合是
具有多种繁殖方式的微生物是
具有收敛固涩作用药物的药味一般是具有补益缓急作用药物的药味一般是
跟单员测算供应商企业实际生产能力采取的工作步骤有哪些()
从以下四个选项中,选择最合适的一个填入问号处,使之呈现一定的规律性。
王老师在整理书籍,将15本社科类书、10本数学类书、12本哲学类书放进有5层格子的书橱,一层格子可放8本书,每层按从左至右,层数按从下至上的顺序排放书籍,先放社科类的全部书籍,再放数学类、最后哲学类。则从下到上的第4层左边第一本为:
中国古代哲学家西周史伯提出:“夫和实生物,同则不继。以他平他谓之和。故能丰长而物归之。若以同裨(益)同,尽乃弃矣。故先王以土与金、木、水、火,杂以成百物。”
最新回复
(
0
)