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  3. In the past 20 years alone, three coronaviruses have caused major disease outbreaks. First came the original SARS virus in 2002.

In the past 20 years alone, three coronaviruses have caused major disease outbreaks. First came the original SARS virus in 2002.

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问题     In the past 20 years alone, three coronaviruses have caused major disease outbreaks. First came the original SARS virus in 2002.【C1】________. in 2012, MERS was identified. In 2019, SARS-CoV-2【C2】________.
    Hundreds of other coronaviruses are known to be【C3】________in bats and other animals. Scientists have warned that some of them could arise in the future and【C4】________infect people. Our current COVID-19 vaccines were specifically【C5】________for SARS-CoV-2, but what if a next-generation vaccine could protect【C6】________both known and unknown coronaviruses?
    Scientists at the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research are working on a so-called universal coronavirus vaccine. Dr. Kayvon Modjarrad is【C7】________the effort. They have developed a vaccine specifically for SARS-CoV-2, and found that the immune response that it【C8】________is active against all the variants, as well as other coronaviruses like SARS-CoV-1. And this gives them confidence that it can be a platform for the entire coronavirus family.
    The vaccine is known as SpFN, which combines nanoparticles from ferritins with coronavirus spike proteins. But making the vaccine wasn’t as【C9】________as attaching one protein to another. Modjarrad and his colleagues had to【C10】________which parts of the spike to attach to which type of ferritin and how to【C11】________the two proteins together. It took months of trying more than 200 different【C12】________. By June of last year, the team found one version that succeeded where others had failed. They then【C13】________the experimental vaccine in mice and monkeys.
    The team also turned to less【C14】________animals for testing. Working with scientists in India, they【C15】________horses with the vaccine to learn how strong the【C16】________response was. And they【C17】________with Helen Dooley at the University of Maryland to vaccinate sharks—which make special antibodies.
    The results are【C18】________. but animals aren’t people. The Army vaccine is now being tested in a small, early-stage trial in humans.【C19】________it works and is safe, it could lay the【C20】________for a universal coronavirus vaccine.
【C9】
选项 A、limited
B、simple
C、available
D、hard
答案B
解析 空格所在部分为第四段第二句：But making the vaccine wasn’t as________as attaching one protein to another (但是制造疫苗并不像把一种蛋白质与另一种蛋白质相结合那么________)，承接第四段首句而来。该段讲述的是疫苗的研发过程，首句讲到该疫苗被称为SpFN，由铁蛋白的纳米颗粒与冠状病毒的刺突蛋白结合而成，后文又讲到It took months of trying more than 200 different…，表示制作疫苗耗时数月之久，并且提到By June of last year, the team found one version that succeeded where others had failed (到去年6月，该团队发现其中一种组合成功了，而其他的都失败了)，失败比例之高，证明研制疫苗并不简单。所以此空选择B项simple。A项“有限的；受限的”，C项“可获得的”，代入原文，均不符合文意，故排除。D项“艰难的”，空格前已有表否定的wasn’t，wasn’t hard意为“不难的”，与文意相反，故排除。
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