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  3. There are a great many careers in which the increasing emphasis is on specialization. You find these careers in engineering, in

There are a great many careers in which the increasing emphasis is on specialization. You find these careers in engineering, in

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问题    There are a great many careers in which the increasing emphasis is on specialization. You find these careers in engineering, in production, in statistical work, and in teaching. 【F1】But there is an increasing demand for people who are able to take in great area at a glance, people who perhaps do not know too much about any one field. There is, in other words, a demand for people who are capable of seeing the forest rather than the trees, of making general judgments. We can call these people "generalists." 【F2】And these "generalists" are particularly needed for positions in administration, where it is their job to see that other people do the work, where they have to plan for other people, to organize other people’ s work, to begin it and judge it.
   The specialist understands one field; his concern is with technique and tools. He is a "trained" man; and his educational background is properly technical or professional. The generalist—and especially the administrator—deals with people; his concern is with leadership, with planning, and with direction giving. He is an "educated" man; and the humanities are his strongest foundation. 【F3】Very rarely is a specialist capable of being an administrator, and very rarely is a good generalist also a good specialist in particular field. Any organization needs both kinds of people, though different organizations need them in different proportions. 【F4】It is your task to find out, during your training period, one of the two kinds of jobs into which you fit, and to plan your career accordingly.
   Your first job may turn out to be the right job for you—but this is pure accident. Certainly you should not change jobs constantly or people will become suspicious of your ability to hold any job.
   【F5】At the same time you must not look upon the first job as the final job; it is primarily a training job, an opportunity to understand yourself and your fitness for being an employee.
【F2】
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答案管理行业尤其需要这样的“通才”，他们的职责是监督他人工作、为他人制定工作计划、组织他人工作、发起工作并且对工作做出判断。
解析 本句是一个复合句。句子的主干是these“generalists”are particularly needed，介词短语for positions in administration作状语，译为“对于管理职位而言”。generalists译为“通才”。where引导的两个定语从句并列，共同修饰限定positions in administration。第一个从句where it is their job to see that other people do the work中，it作形式主语，不定式短语to see that other people do the work作真正主语。第二个where they have to plan…to begin it and judge it中，to plan for other people，to organize other people’s work和to begin it and judge it并列，共同充当该从句的宾语。
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