2. 外语
  3. 元代(the Yuan Dynasty)是中国瓷器(porcelain)发展史上一个重要的时期。基于先前朝代的烧制技术，景德镇成功地制作出青花瓷(the blue and white porcelain)。元青花瓷富丽雄浑，其风格与传统的瓷器大相径庭。元青

元代(the Yuan Dynasty)是中国瓷器(porcelain)发展史上一个重要的时期。基于先前朝代的烧制技术，景德镇成功地制作出青花瓷(the blue and white porcelain)。元青花瓷富丽雄浑，其风格与传统的瓷器大相径庭。元青

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问题     元代(the Yuan Dynasty)是中国瓷器(porcelain)发展史上一个重要的时期。基于先前朝代的烧制技术，景德镇成功地制作出青花瓷(the blue and white porcelain)。元青花瓷富丽雄浑，其风格与传统的瓷器大相径庭。元青花瓷的出现也使景德镇成为当时世界制瓷业的中心。元青花瓷制作精美而且传世极少，因此异常珍贵。青花瓷的制作在明清两朝(the Ming and Qing Dynasties)得到进一步发展，其中的精品是许多收藏家的终极目标。
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答案 The Yuan Dynasty is a key period in the development of Chinese porcelain industry. Based on the firing techniques of former dynasties, the blue and white porcelains had been successfully manufactured in Jingdezhen. The blue and white porcelains of the Yuan Dynasty are grand and splendid, whose styles are quite different from those of the traditional porcelains. The rising of blue and white porcelain in the Yuan Dynasty also made Jingdezhen the center of porcelain industry in the world at that time. Finely made and rarely handed down, the blue and white porcelains of the Yuan Dynasty are extremely precious. The blue and white porcelains were further developed in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Some fine works are the dream targets for collectors.
解析 1．第2句中的前半句“基于……”可处理为状语，译为Based on the firing techniques of former dynasties；后半句“景德镇成功地……”若逐字对译为Jingdezhen had successfully manufactured…则不符合英语表达习惯，“青花瓷”是此段落的主题，宜把“青花瓷”转换为主语，用被动语态强调受动者，译为the blue and white porcelains had been successfully manufactured in Jingdezhen。
2．第3句中的“其”指代的是前面提到的“元青花瓷”，翻译时可将逗号后的“其风格与……大相径庭”处理成非限制性定语从句whose styles are quite different from…，使句子主次分明。
3．第4句中的“使景德镇成为当时世界制瓷业的中心”可用make sb．／sth.…(使某人／某物成为……)的结构来表达，译为made Jingdezhen the center of porcelain industry…。
4．倒数第2句的前半句为因，后半句为果，若直译，句子会稍显头重脚轻；此处可把果(即“元青花瓷异常珍贵”)处理成主干，即the blue and white porcelains of the Yuan Dynasty are extremely precious，而把因处理成状语，用表被动的分词短语来表达，即finely made and rarely handed down。
5．最后一句的两个分句之间意思联系不太紧密，可考虑拆译成两个独立的句子，处理为The blue and white porcelains were further developed in…Some fine works are…for collectors。
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