首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
专升本
For some time past, it has been widely accepted that babies and other creatures learn to do things because certain acts lead to"
For some time past, it has been widely accepted that babies and other creatures learn to do things because certain acts lead to"
admin
2015-08-19
29
问题
For some time past, it has been widely accepted that babies and other creatures learn to do things because certain acts lead to" rewards" : and there is no reason to doubt that this is true. But it used also to be widely believed that effective rewards, at least in the early stages, had to be directly related to such basic physiological " drives" as thirst or hunger. In other words, a baby would learn if he got food or drink or some sort of physical comfort, not otherwise.
It is now clear that this is not so. Babies will learn to behave in ways that produce results in the world with no reward except the successful outcome.
Papousek began his studies by using milk in the normal way to" reward" the babies and so teach them to carry out some simple movements, such as turning the head to one side or the other. Then he noticed that a baby who had enough to drink would refuse the milk but would still go on making the learned response with clear signs of pleasure. So he began to study the children’s responses in situations where no milk was provided. He quickly found that children as young as four months would learn to turn their heads to right or left if the movement "switched on "a display of lights—and indeed that they were capable of learning quite complex turns to bring about this result. For instance, two left or two right, or even to make as many as three turns to one side.
Papousek’s light display was placed directly in front of the babies and he made the interesting observation that sometimes they would not turn back to watch the lights closely although they would "smile and bubble" when the display came on. Papousek concluded that it was not primarily the sight of the lights which pleased them, it was the success they were achieving in solving the problem, in mastering the skill, and that there exists a fundamental human urge to make sense of the world and bring it under intentional control.
The babies would" smile and bubble" at the lights because______.
选项
A、the lights were directly related to some basic"drives"
B、the sight of the lights was interesting
C、they need not turn back to watch the lights
D、they succeeded in "switching on"the lights
答案
D
解析
文章最后一段表明:他们享受成功解决问题的满足感。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/bDYC777K
本试题收录于:
英语题库成考专升本分类
0
英语
成考专升本
相关试题推荐
Psychologyisthestudyofthemindandmentalactivities.Forexample,psychologistsareinterestedinwhysomethingsmakeyou
It’snouseringingmeupattheofficethisweekbecauseI’m______
AustraliaisnearlyaslargeastheUnitedStates,butmostofitistoodryforpeopletolivein.Aroundthisdrypartarelar
ArchimedeswasafamousGreekmathematicianandscientist.Hewasbornaround287BCandhediedintheyear212BC.Archime
ArchimedeswasafamousGreekmathematicianandscientist.Hewasbornaround287BCandhediedintheyear212BC.Archime
Alltheusefulenergyatthesurfaceoftheearthcomesfromtheactivityofthesun.Thesunheatsandfeedscreaturesandmank
Somepeopleareluckyenoughtobebornwithagoodsenseofdirectionandeveniftheyhaveonlyvisitedaplaceonce,theywil
Somepeopleareluckyenoughtobebornwithagoodsenseofdirectionandeveniftheyhaveonlyvisitedaplaceonce,theywil
Notlongago,Ihadmyfirston-linechat.Ithoughtitwouldbe【56】because.Ihaveheardsomanypeople【57】itinthatway.But
Inanagewhenwastetodaymeansalacktomorrow,makinguseofeveryavailableresourcebecomesmoreandmoreimportant.Ascoa
随机试题
克达尔法测定有机物中的氮的过程分为:消化、碱化蒸馏、吸收和滴定等四步。()
北方的贸易场所称作()
美国管理学家巴纳德认为组织本质是一个()。
关于胎膜早破的诊断,下列哪项不正确
对2型糖尿病表现为单纯餐后血糖高,空腹和餐前血糖水平不高者可首选的药品是()。
在保温施工中,各管线如果均需要保温则应( )。
证券公司从事客户资产管理业务,有下列( )情形之一的,应改正;拒不改正的,将受处罚。
德育内容是教育者依据所选择的_______、用以形成儿童品德的社会思想政治原理和道德规范的总和。
如果要选择ARM处理器工作在外部中断模式,允许外部中断IRO,禁止快速中断。FIO,使用Thumb工作状态,则需要设置的寄存器是()。
Readthefollowingpassageandfillineachblankwithoneword.Choosethecorrectwordinoneofthefollowingthreeways:acc
最新回复
(
0
)