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  3. Sugar shocked. That describes the reaction of many Americans this week following revelations that, 50 years ago, the sugar indus

Sugar shocked. That describes the reaction of many Americans this week following revelations that, 50 years ago, the sugar indus

admin2021-08-17  3
问题     Sugar shocked. That describes the reaction of many Americans this week following revelations that, 50 years ago, the sugar industry paid Harvard scientists for research that shifted the focus away from sugar’s role in heart disease—and put the spotlight (注意的中心) squarely on dietary fat.
    What might surprise consumers is just how many present-day nutrition studies are still funded by the food industry. Nutrition scholar Marion Nestle of New York University spent a year informally tracking industry-funded studies on food. "Roughly 90% of nearly 170 studies favored the sponsor’s interest," Nestle tells us. Other systematic reviews support her conclusions.
    For instance, studies funded by Welch Foods—the brand behind Welch’s 100% Grape Juice—found that drinking Concord grape juice daily may boost brain function.Another, funded by Quaker Oats, concluded, as a Daily Mail story put it, that "hot oatmeal (燕麦粥) breakfast keeps you full for longer. "
    Last year, The New York Times revealed how Coca-Cola was funding well-known scientists and organizations promoting a message that, in the battle against weight gain, people should pay more attention to exercise and less to what they eat and drink. Coca-Cola also released data detailing its funding of several medical institutions and associations between 2010 and 2015.
    "It’s certainly a problem that so much research in nutrition and health is funded by industry," says Bonnie Liebman, director of nutrition at the Center for Science in the Public Interest. "When the food industry pays for research, it often gets what it pays for. " And what it pays for is often a pro-industry finding.
    Given this environment, consumers should be skeptical (怀疑的) when reading the latest finding in nutrition science and ignore the latest study that pops up on your news feed. "Rely on health experts who’ve reviewed all the evidence," Liebman says, pointing to the official government Dietary Guidelines, which are based on reviews of hundreds of studies.
    "And that expert advice remains pretty simple," says Nestle. "We know what healthy diets are— lots of vegetables, not too much junk food, balanced calories. Everything else is really difficult to do experimentally. "
What does Marion Nestle say about present-day nutrition studies?
选项 A、They took her a full year to track and analyze.
B、Most of them are based on systematic reviews.
C、They depend on funding from the food industries.
D、Nearly all of them serve the purpose of the funders.
答案D
解析 推理判断题。定位段第二、三句提到，纽约大学的营养学家玛丽恩.内斯特尔花了一年的时间非正式地跟踪了各种工业资助的食品研究。她指出，在将近170项研究中，大约有90％的研究都会偏袒赞助商的利益。其他系统的研究综述也支持她的结论。由此可知，几乎所有的营养研究都是为资助者服务的，D)中的Nearly all of them对应原文中的Roughly 90％ of nearly 170 studies，故答案为D)。
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