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  3. Whether the eyes are the windows of the soul is debatable, that they are intensely important in interpersonal communication is a

Whether the eyes are the windows of the soul is debatable, that they are intensely important in interpersonal communication is a

admin2010-04-28  30
问题    Whether the eyes are the windows of the soul is debatable, that they are intensely important in interpersonal communication is a fact. During the first two months of a baby’s life, the stimulus that produces a smile is a pair of eyes. The eyes need not be real; a mask with two dots will produce a smile. Significantly, a real human face with no eyes will not motivate a smile, nor will the sight of only one eye when the face is presented in profile. This attraction to eyes as opposed to the nose or mouth continues as the baby matures. In one study, when American four-year-olds were asked to draw people, 75 percent of them draw people with mouths, but 99 percent of them draw people with eyes. In Japan, however, where babies are carried on their mother’s back, infants do not acquire as much attachment to eyes as they do in other cultures. As a result, Japanese adults make little use of the face either to encode or decode meaning. In fact, Argyle reveals that the proper place to focus one’s gaze during a conversation in Japan is on the neck of one’s conversational partner.
   The role of eye contact in a conversational exchange between two Americans is well defined. Speakers make contact with the eyes of their listener for about one second, then glance away as they talk; in a few moments they re-establish eye contact with the listener or reassure themselves that their audience is still attentive, then shift their gaze away once more. Listeners, meanwhile, keep their eyes on the face of the speaker, allowing themselves to glance away only briefly. It is important that they be looking at the speaker at the precise moment when the speaker re-establishes eye contact. If they are not looking, the speaker assumes that they are disinterested and either will pause until eye contact is resumed or will terminate the conversation. Just how critical this eye maneuvering is to the maintenance of conversational flow becomes evident when two speakers are wearing dark glasses there may be a sort of traffic jam of words caused by interruption, false starts, and unpredictable pauses. (362)
According to the passage, a conversation between two Americans may break down due to ______.
选项 A、one temporarily glancing away from the other
B、eye contact of more than one second
C、improperly timed ceasing of eye contact
D、constant adjustment of eye contact
答案C
解析 推理判断题。文章的第二段用了整段的笔墨来说明美国人交流时的目光接触，如果说话人转过脸来看到听话人没有看着自己，他就可能认为听话人对此不感兴趣从而结束谈话。因此不合时宜地停止目光接触是造成谈话结束的原因之一，正确答案是C。
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