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  3. In 1930, when the world was "suffering from a bad attack of economic pessimism", John Maynard Keynes wrote a broadly optimistic

In 1930, when the world was "suffering from a bad attack of economic pessimism", John Maynard Keynes wrote a broadly optimistic

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问题     In 1930, when the world was "suffering from a bad attack of economic pessimism", John Maynard Keynes wrote a broadly optimistic essay, "Economic Possibilities for our Grandchildren". It imagined a middle way between revolution and stagnation that would leave the grandchildren a great deal richer than their grandparents. But the path was not without dangers.
    One of the worries Keynes admitted was a "new disease": "technological unemployment due to our discovery of means of economising the use of labour outrunning the pace at which we can find new uses for labour." His readers might not have heard of the problem, he suggested—but they were certain to hear a lot more about it in the years to come.
    For the most part, they did not. Nowadays, the majority of economists confidently wave such worries away. By raising productivity, they argue, any automation which economises on the use of labour will increase incomes. That will generate demand for new products and services, which will in turn create new jobs for displaced workers. To think otherwise has meant being tarred a Luddite—the name taken by 19th-century textile workers who smashed the machines taking their jobs.
    For much of the 20th century, those arguing that technology brought ever more jobs and prosperity looked to have the better of the debate. Real incomes in Britain scarcely doubled between the beginning of the common era and 1570. They then tripled from 1570 to 1875. And they more than tripled from 1875 to 1975. Industrialisation did not end up eliminating the need for human workers. On the contrary, it created employment opportunities sufficient to absorb the 20th century’s exploding population. Keynes’ vision of everyone in the 2030s being a lot richer is largely achieved. His belief they would work just 15 hours or so a week has not come to pass.
According to John Maynard Keynes, the economy may ______.
选项 A、develop toward a favorable direction for our grandchildren
B、suffer from great economic recession and pessimism
C、experience a temporary stagnation for our grandchildren
D、experience dangers in the future and suffer stagnation
答案A
解析 第一段中的内容“John Maynard Keynes wrote a broadly optimistic essay, Economic Possibilities for our grandchildren”明确表明经济前景对子孙后代而言比较乐观，具有economic possibilities，符合选项A的内容“经济会朝有利于子孙后代的方向发展”。选项B并非凯恩斯的观点。选项C是对“It imagined a middle way between revolution and stagnation”的概念偷换，该句表明在革命和停滞之间有一个中间过程，而不等同于“经济会经历暂时的停滞”。选项D是对第一段最后一句“But the path was not without dangers”的误解。
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