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  3. Your heart suddenly starts pounding so hard you think it’s going to leap right out of your chest. You’re sweating even though it

Your heart suddenly starts pounding so hard you think it’s going to leap right out of your chest. You’re sweating even though it

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问题     Your heart suddenly starts pounding so hard you think it’s going to leap right out of your chest. You’re sweating even though it’s cold out. You feel unsteady on your feet and generally shaky, like the world around you is spinning out of control and you can’t get a grip. Your hands and feet are numb and useless. You’re gasping for breath and feel like you’re drowning.
    If you have felt all of these come on without warning, you may have just suffered a panic attack. These frightening symptoms affect women twice as often as men, although scientists are not sure why. 【C1】______
    A particularly active area of research at the moment is the effect of hormones. Women seem most susceptible to panic attacks during times of hormonal changes, such as adolescence, pregnancy, and so on. Dr. Lilian Gonsalves, psychology at the Cleveland Clinic, says some scientists think that hormonal fluctuation may upset the balance of chemicals in the brain that modulate fear and anxiety, triggering a panic attack. It feels like the fight-or-flight response gone wild with no provocation. 【C2】______
    Fear of another attack often makes people avoid places where an attack took place, and a small percentage of sufferers may eventually become housebound, a condition called agoraphobia. Suffering from frequent panic attacks also means you are at higher risk of depression, substance abuse and suicide. Some research also indicates that women who have repeated attacks are at higher risk of death. 【C3】______
    Because of the possible consequences of untreated panic attacks, it’s important to get help early. And fortunately, there is lot of help available. 【C4】______Many people find that drugs help control the problem until they can find a behavioral therapy that works, after which drugs may no longer be necessary. Research has also shown that regular exercise and activities such as yoga may reduce the severity and number of attacks.
    Call your doctor even if you’ve had only a single attack, because these symptoms could also signal a wide range of other problems, including thyroid and heart disease. A primary-care physician will first perform a physical exam and probably order an EKG and blood tests to rule out other possible causes of the attacks. 【C5】______
    It takes a while to feel completely better; generally, antidepressants start working in six to eight weeks, Gonsalves says. But many patients begin to get some relief in just two weeks, she adds. In all, about 80 percent of patients will do well. In the case of the other 20 percent, who don’t respond to treatment, doctors often find that they have missed an underlying medical condition that is behind the attacks.
[A]"We used to say that you don’t die of a panic attack, but I’ve stopped saying that" , says Gonsalves. "It could be that during a panic attack you get coronary spasms or an irregular heart rate.
[B]If there is nothing wrong, then your doctor will probably refer you to a psychiatrist or psychologist who can work with you on the problem over what may be a period of several months.
[C]You can be standing at a bus stop or shopping at the mall without any danger in sight, and suddenly, you feel like you’re dying. The attack is generally over in a few minutes, but sometimes symptoms— especially feeling faint and dizzy—can linger for more than an hour.
[D]Many women report experiencing their first panic attack in late adolescence. But others have no trouble until they are around 50, when their hormone levels often vary wildly. " These are high-functioning women who have never seen a psychiatrist before" , says Gonsalves. "They start having hot flashes and they don’t sleep. They become acutely anxious. "
[E]Genetics may be part of the explanation; women are more prone to anxiety or depression, and a history of these mood disorders makes you more likely to have a panic attack. But unhappy life experiences may also increase women’s vulnerability.
[F]The cure of panic attacks often depends on the cause. If your attacks are triggered by a physical condition, they should be eliminated by treating the physical cause. If you can’t find the cause, continue looking and using the above tips to control the attacks.
[G]There’s no single cure that works for everyone, but generally, patients use medication, cognitive behavioral therapy or some combination of the two. Cognitive behavioral therapy teaches you a range of techniques—such as relaxation exercises—to deal with everyday anxiety and stress, lessening the chances of another attack.
【C4】
选项
答案G
解析 本题缺失内容是第五段的段中句。同样我们需要在空前后找线索。空前的内容谈到“因为恐慌发作不加处理可能会带来后果，及早得到救助就很重要。”空后的内容谈到“许多人发现药物可以控制问题，直到他们找到一种起作用的行为疗法，在此之后药物就不再是必需的。研究还表明有规律的运动和活动比如瑜伽能减轻发作的严重性和次数。”由此可知，第五段的中心是关于症状治疗的话题，因此所选填的内容也应该不会脱离这一中心，查看选项，只有选项[G]反映了这一中心，故为正确答案。
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