2. 外语
  3. Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency focus either on the individual or on society as the major contributi

Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency focus either on the individual or on society as the major contributi

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问题       Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency focus either on the individual or on society as the major contributing influence.  Theories【C1】______ on the individual suggest that children engage in criminal behavior【C2】______ they were not sufficiently penalized for previous misdeeds or that they have learned criminal behavior through【C3】______ with others. Theories focusing on the role of society that children commit crimes in【C4】______ to their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status【C5】______ as a rejection of middle-class values. Most theories of juvenile delinquency have focused on children from disadvantaged families,【C6】______ the fact that children from wealthy homes also commit crimes. The latter may commit crimes【C7】______ lack of adequate parental control. All theories, however, are tentative and are【C8】______ to criticism. Changes in the social structure may indirectly【C9】______ juvenile crime rates. For example, changes in the economy that【C10】______ to fewer job opportunities for youth and rising unemployment【C11】______  make gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain. The resulting discontent may in【C12】______lead more youths into criminal behavior. Families have also【C13】______ changes these years. More families consist of one parent households or two working parents; 【C14】______  ,children are likely to have less supervision at home【C15】______ was common in the traditional family【C16】______ This lack of parental supervision is thought to be an influence on juvenile crime rates. Other【C17】______ causes of offensive acts include frustration or failure in school, the increased 【C18】______ of drugs and alcohol, and the growing【C19】______ of child abuse and child neglect. All these conditions tend to increase the probability of a child committing a criminal act,【C20】______  a direct causal relationship has not yet been established.
【C16】
选项 A、system
B、structure
C、concept
D、heritage
答案B
解析 语义衔接题。本题线索：本段谈论家庭所经历的变化，本段第2句的动词“consist of…” (构成，组成)暗示本段具体涉及家庭“结构”(structure)变化对青少年的影响。空格前的“traditional” (传统的)一词再一次暗示应该是“旧的”(traditional)家庭“结构”(structure)，故选项B 是正确。本题A、C、D 选项的含义分别是“系统，体系”、“概念”、“遗产”。
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专业英语四级

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