2. 外语
  3. From science, modestly pursued, with a due consciousness of the extreme finitude of our intellectual powers, there can arise onl

From science, modestly pursued, with a due consciousness of the extreme finitude of our intellectual powers, there can arise onl

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问题 From science, modestly pursued, with a due consciousness of the extreme finitude of our intellectual powers, there can arise only nobler and wider notions of the purpose of Creation. Our philosophy will be an affirmative one, not the false and negative dogmas of Auguste Comte, which have usurped the name, and misrepresented the tendencies of a true positive philosophy. True science will not deny the existence of things because they cannot be weighed and measured. It will rather lead us to believe that the wonders and subtleties of possible existence surpass all that our mental powers allow us clearly to perceive. The study of logical and mathematical forms has convinced me that even space itself is not a requisite condition of conceivable existence. Everything, we are told by materialists, must be here or there, nearer or further, before or after.  I deny this—and point to logical relations as my proof.
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答案 通过谨慎地从事科学研究，以及对人类智力极大局限性的恰当认识，我们必将可以得出关于天地万物意义的更崇高、更宽泛的概念。我们的哲学是肯定的哲学，而不是奥古斯特·孔德提出的虚假、否定的教条，他的教条篡夺了真正的实证哲学的名义，歪曲了真正的实证哲学的趋势。真正的科学不会因为事物无法衡量、评估而否认其存在。这倒使我们相信，事物的可能存在如此神奇和微妙，超越了人类的智力，因而无法确切地被感知。对于逻辑和数学形式的研究使我相信，即使空间本身也不是感知事物存在的必要条件。唯物论者认为，世间一切事物或此或彼，或近或远，或前或后。我否认这种说法——而且，我要用逻辑关系作为我的论据。
解析 1．第一句中的modestly pursued作science的后置定语；finitude指“局限性，有限性”；intellectual powers指“智力”，同后文第四句中的mental powers；only这里不表转折，不能译为“只能”，而是surely或certainly的意思，译为“必将”；Creation的首字母大写，用作不可数名词，指“宇宙，天地万物”。
2．第二句的主干是Our philosophy will be an affirmative one；注意后面which引导的定语从句的先行词不是Auguste Comte，而是the false and negative dogmas。
3．第四句翻译时要理清句子结构，然后依次翻译即可。该句共三层结构，第一层为句子主干：It will rather lead us to believe that，“主谓宾”结构；第二层：第一个that引导的宾语从句，主干为the wonders and subtleties of possible existence surpass all；第三层是that引导的定语从句，先行词all在上一个从句中作宾语。
4．第六句为强调Everything而将其提前，实际的语序应该是We are told by materialists(that) everything must be here or there，nearer or further，before or after．句中的here or there，nearer or further，before or after形成了排比，翻译时也应采用排比句式。另外，由于本文属于科技类文章，所以翻译时应注意用词精确、严谨。
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