2. 外语
  3. Man is the only animal that laughs. Why is this true? What makes us respond as we do to pleasurable experiences? What is the his

Man is the only animal that laughs. Why is this true? What makes us respond as we do to pleasurable experiences? What is the his

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问题     Man is the only animal that laughs. Why is this true? What makes us respond as we do to pleasurable experiences? What is the history of this "happy【C1】______" , as someone once termed it, and just what is its function?
    We are not short of theories to explain the mystery; for centuries, biologists, philosophers, psychologists, and medical men have sought a definitive explanation of laughter. One writer【C2】______that its function is to【C3】______others or to prove to be better than them by insulting them. Another took the opposite view: that we laugh in order not to cry. A psychologist offered the explanation that laughter functions as【C4】______for painful experiences, and that it serves to defend a person against what the psychologist termed "the many minor pains to which man is【C5】______". In the 17th century a writer set forth the theory that we laugh when we compare ourselves with others and find ourselves superior;【C6】______, we laugh at the weakness of others.
    Virtually every theory has been concerned with either the structure or the function of laughter, whereas relatively few have been devoted to the question of its【C7】______. I propose to offer a theory which, so far as I am aware, has not previously been set forth; that only those animals capable of【C8】______are capable of laughter; and that therefore man, being the only animal that speaks, is the only animal that laughs.
    Those of us who have observed chimpanzees closely feel quite confident that the chimpanzee occasionally exhibits behavior that looks very much like a primitive human laughter. This behavior, however, has been observed only in a human context;【C9】______it occurs under natural conditions is dubious; but【C10】______that under any conditions an ape is capable of such behavior is of more than passing interest—for does it not indicate that early man had the basics of laughter?
【C2】
选项 A、theorized
B、projected
C、asserted
D、hypothesized
答案A
解析 考查对上下文的理解。本段句首指出，解释这一神秘现象的理论并不少见；几百年来，生物学家、哲学家、心理学家和医护工作者一直在为“笑”寻求一个明确的解释。因此，可以推测，后面的句子应该是对各种“笑”的理论的客观介绍。空格所在的句子是对其中一种理论的介绍。A．theorized(创建理论)表明短文在介绍一种理论，与本段句首的“theories”相对应，是正确答案。由本段首句“definitive”一词，可以推测，各方对自己理论的合理性都相当有把握，因而B．projected(预测)和D．hypothesized(假设)不合题意。C．asserted(断言)有主观色彩，与作者客观描述各种理论的语气不符。故选A。
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