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  3. The biggest danger facing the global airline industry is not the effects of terrorism, war, SARS and economic downturn. It is th

The biggest danger facing the global airline industry is not the effects of terrorism, war, SARS and economic downturn. It is th

admin2009-04-27  124
问题     The biggest danger facing the global airline industry is not the effects of terrorism, war, SARS and economic downturn. It is that these blows, which have helped ground three national flag carriers and force two American airlines into bankruptcy, will divert attention from the inherent weaknesses of aviation, which they have exacerbated. (46)As in the crisis that attended the first Gulf War, many airlines hope that traffic will soon bounce back, and a few catastrophic years will be followed by fuller planes, happier passengers and a return to profitability. Yet the industry’s problems are deeper—and older—than the trauma of the past two years implies.
    As the centenary of the first powered flight approaches in December, the industry it launched is still remarkably primitive. (47)The car industry, created not long after the Wright Brothers made history, is now a global industry dominated by a dozen firms, at least half of which make good profits. Yet commercial aviation consists of 267 international carriers and another 500-plus domestic ones. (48)The world’s biggest carrier, American Airlines, has barely 7% of the global market, whereas the world’s biggest carmaker, General Motors, has (with its associated firms) about a quarter of the world’s automobile market.
    Aviation has been incompletely deregulated, and in only two markets: America and Europe. Everywhere else deals between governments dictate who flies under what rules. (49)These aim to preserve state-owned national flag-carriers, run for prestige rather than profit and numerous restrictions on foreign ownership hinder cross-border airline mergers.
    In America, the big network carriers face barriers to exit, which have kept their route networks too large. Trade unions resisting job cuts and Congressmen opposing route closures in their territory conspire to block change. In Europe, liberalization is limited by bilateral deals that prevent, for instance, British Airways (BA) flying to America from Frankfurt or Paris. To use the car industry analogy, it is as if only Renaults were allowed to drive on French motorways.
(50)In airlines, the optimists are those who think that things are now so bad that the industry has no option but to evolve. Frederick Reid, president of Delta Air Lines, said that events since the September 11th attacks are the equivalent of a meteor strike, changing the climate and leading to a "compressed evolutionary cycle". So how, looking on the bright side, might the industry look after five years of accelerated development?

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答案这些措施都是为了保护国有旗舰航空公司，公司的运营不是为了盈利，而是为了声望，而且对于外国所有权的诸多限制也阻止了国家间航线的合并。
解析 本句为并列句，句子主干为These aim to preserve．．，run…and restrictions hinder mergers。本句中翻译时采用了增词法，英文句子多省略，句中run for prestige rather than profit前省略了aim to。在翻译成中文时，应添加完整，这样才能保证语义完整和通顺。注意将代词的指代对象表达清楚，句中的these是指代上文中提到的措施，应该完整译出。另外，还应注意词义的具体化，carrier原意为"承运人"，句中特指航空公司；cross-border指"两国间的"。
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