首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Migration is usually defined as "permanent or semi-permanent change of residence." This broad definition, of course, would inclu
Migration is usually defined as "permanent or semi-permanent change of residence." This broad definition, of course, would inclu
admin
2009-04-23
47
问题
Migration is usually defined as "permanent or semi-permanent change of residence." This broad definition, of course, would include a move across the street or across a city. Our concern is with movement between nations, not with internal migration within nations, although such movements often exceed international movements in volume. Today, the motives of people who move short distances are very similar to those of internalional migrants.
Students of human migration speak of "push" and "pull" factors, which influence an individual’s decision to move from one place to another. Push factors are associated with the place of origin. A push factor can be as simple and mild a matter as difficulty in finding a suitable job, or as traumatic(创伤的) as war, or severe famine(饥荒). Obviously, refugees who leave their homes with guns pointed at their heads are motivated almost entirely by push factors (although pull factors do influence their choice of destination).
Pull factors are those associated with the place of destination. Most often these are economic, such as better job opportunities or the availability of good land to farm. The latter was an important factor in attracting settlers to the United States during the 19th century. In general, pull factors add up to an apparently better chance between several attractive potential destinations. The deciding factor might be a non-economic consideration such as the presence of relatives, friends, or at least fellow countrymen already established in the new place who are willing to help the newcomers settle in. Considerations of this sort lead to the development of migration flow.
Besides push and pull factors, there are what the sociologists call "intervening obstacles". Even if push and/or pull factors are very strong they still may be outweighed by intervening obstacles, such as the distance of the move, the trouble and cost of moving, the difficulty of entering the new country, and the problems likely to be encountered on arrival.
The decision to move is also influenced by "personal factors" of the potential migrant. The same push-pull factors and obstacles operate differently on different people, sometimes because they are at different stages of their lives, or just because of their varying abilities and personalities. The prospect of packing up everything and moving to a new and perhaps very strange environment may appear interesting and challenging to an unmarried young man and appallingly(令人毛骨悚然的) difficult to a slightly older man with a wife and small kids. Similarly, the need to learn a new language and customs may excite one person and frighten another.
选项
答案
motives
解析
由题干关键词International migration和similar定位到第—段第四句。Today,the motives of people who move short distances are very similar to those of international migrants,今天进行短途迁移的人们与国际移民的目的是一样的。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/hHZK777K
0
大学英语六级
相关试题推荐
—IcannotfindTomanywhere.—He______havebeenofflong.Iheardhimmakeacalljustnow.
A、Shewastroubledbyadifficultmathematicsquestion.B、ShewasworriedaboutnextMonday.C、Shewasafraidtotakepartinan
A、Heplanstogoabroad.B、Heplanstostarthisownbusiness.C、Heplanstoworkinanotherbank.D、HeplanstoventurewithKi
Normallyastudentmustattendacertainnumberofcoursesinordertograduate,andeachcoursewhichheattendsgiveshimacr
A、Onabus.B、Onatrain.C、Onaplane.D、Inacar.C“land”在对话中是“飞机着陆”的意思,故选C。
Trainingastronauts______notaneasything.
A、10:30.B、10:00.C、0.451389D、0.444444A根据文中“10:50”,“10:40”和“stilltwentyminutesleft”等关键词句可计算出现在是十点半,故选A。
A、Byplane.B、Bytrain.C、Bybus.D、Byship.A男士询问女士旅行是否愉快,女士回答说是的,这是一次顺利且愉快的飞行。由此可见,女士是乘坐飞机旅行的。
Normallyastudentmustattendacertainnumberofcoursesinordertograduate,andeachcoursewhichheattendsgiveshimacr
随机试题
患者,男,50岁。既往有感染性心内膜炎病史,自述已治愈,未定期体检,此次因心悸、心前区不适到医院就诊,查体时在胸骨左缘第3、4肋间闻及舒张期高调、递减型、叹息样杂音,呼吸末明显。为进一步确诊,该患者应进行的检查是
相对于锥型式组织结构,扁平式组织结构不具备的优点是()
呃逆与干呕、暖气在病机上的共同点是
四连杆机构如图所示,己知曲柄OA长为r,且O1A=O2B,O1O2=AB=2b,角速度为ω、角加速度为α,则杆AB的中点M的速度、法向和切向加速度的大小分别为()。
现阶段在软弱地层中修建地铁和交通隧道以及各种用途管道最先进的、应用广泛的施工方法之一是()。
旅行社和导游管理服务机构应当采取有效措施,要求导游人员参加导游人员等级考核评定。
针对抗日战争进入相持阶段后统一战线内部出现的危机,中国共产党提出的口号是()
Operationresearchisascientificmethodofprovidingexecutivedepartmentwithaquantitativebasisfordecisions______theope
WhatadvicedodoctorsgiveaboutvitaminC?DoctorsrecommendvitaminCto______.Howcanyouprotectotherpeoplewhenyou
Everybody’sultimategoalinlifeistobesuccessfulandhappy.Eachperson’s【B1】______ofsuccessisdifferent.Manypeoplef
最新回复
(
0
)