2. 外语
  3. A. ample B. combinations C. directly D. disseminated E. generations F. genuinely G. instead H. lists

A. ample B. combinations C. directly D. disseminated E. generations F. genuinely G. instead H. lists

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问题     A. ample     B. combinations C. directly      D. disseminated  E. generations
    F. genuinely G. instead      H. lists         I. promulgated   J. publicized
    K. scant     L. shaped       M. sophisticated N. transplanted  O. virtual
    Imagine a world without writing. Obviously there would be no books: no novels, no encyclopedias, no cookbooks, no textbooks, no telephone books, no scriptures, no diaries, no travel guides. There would be no ball-points, no typewriters, no computers, no Internet, no magazines, no movie credits, no shopping lists, no newspapers, no tax returns. But such【C1】________of objects almost miss the point. The world we live in has been indelibly marked by the written word, 【C2】________by the technology of writing over thousands of years. Ancient kings proclaimed their authority and【C3】________their laws in writing.
    Scribes administered great empires by writing, their knowledge of recording and retrieving information essential to governing complex societies. Religious traditions were passed on through【C4】________, and spread to others, in writing. Scientific and technological progress was achieved and【C5】________through writing. Accounts in trade and commerce could be kept because of writing. Nearly every step of civilization has been mediated through writing. A world without writing would bear【C6】________resemblance to the one we now live in. Writing is a【C7】________necessity to the societies anthropologists call civilizations.
    A civilization is distinguished from other societies by the complexity of its social organization, by its construction of cities and large public buildings, and by the economic specialization of its members, many of whom are not【C8】________involved in food procurement or production. A civilization, with its taxation and tribute systems, its trade and its public works, requires a【C9】________system of record keeping. And so the early civilizations of Egypt, China, and (probably) India all developed a system of writing. Only the Peruvian civilization of the Incas and their predecessors did not use writing but【C10】________invented a system of keeping records on knotted color-coded strings known as quipu.
【C4】
选项
答案E
解析 空格前为介词through，后为and连接的并列谓语，由此可知空格处应填入名词，作介词through的宾语。空格前面的动词短语passed on的意思是“把……传给……”，此处要表达的应该是宗教传统以书面形式代代相传。结合备选名词可知，generations“一代(人)”符合句意，故E为答案。
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