2. 考研
  3. A ) Set a Good Example for Your Kids B ) Build Your Kids’ Work Skills C ) Place Time Limits on Leisure Activities D

A ) Set a Good Example for Your Kids B ) Build Your Kids’ Work Skills C ) Place Time Limits on Leisure Activities D

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问题     A ) Set a Good Example for Your Kids
    B ) Build Your Kids’ Work Skills
    C ) Place Time Limits on Leisure Activities
    D ) Talk about the Future on a Regular Basis
    E ) Help Kids Develop Coping Strategies
    F ) Help Your Kids Figure Out Who They Are
    G ) Build Your Kids’ Sense of Responsibility
    How Can a Parent Help?
    Mothers and fathers can do a lot to ensure a safe landing in early adulthood for their kids. Even if a job’s starting salary seems too meager to satisfy an emerging adult’s need for rapid gratification, the transition from school to work can be less of a setback if the start-up adult is ready for the move. Here are a few measures, drawn from my book Ready or Not, Here Life Comes, that parents can take to prevent what I call "work-life unreadiness":
    【B1】________
    You can start this process when they are 11 or 12. Periodically review their emerging strengths and weaknesses with them and work together on any shortcomings, like difficulty in communicating well or collaborating. Also, identify the kinds of interests they keep coming back to, as these offer clues to the careers that will fit them best.
    【B2】________
    Kids need a range of authentic role models—as opposed to members of their clique, rock idols and vaunted athletes. Have regular dinner-table discussions about people the family knows and how they got where they are. Encourage your kids to form some ideas about their own future. When asked what they want to do, they should be discouraged from saying "I have no idea." They can change their minds 200 times, but having only a foggy view of the future does not bode well for it.
    【B3】________
    Teachers are responsible for teaching kids how to learn; mothers and fathers should be responsible for teaching them how to work. Assign responsibilities around the house and make sure homework deadlines are met. Encourage teenagers to take a part-time job. Kids need plenty of practice delaying gratification and deploying effective organizational skills, such as managing time and setting priorities.
    【B4】________
    Playing video games encourages immediate gratification. And hours of watching TV shows with canned laughter only teaches kids to process information in a passive way. At the same time, listening through earphones to the same monotonous beats for long stretches encourages kids to stay inside their bubble instead of pursuing other endeavors. All these activities can stunt the growth of important communication and thinking skills and make it difficult for kids to develop the kind of sustained concentration they will need for most jobs.
    【B5】________
    They should know how to deal with setbacks, stresses and feelings of inadequacy. They should also learn how to solve problems and resolve conflicts, ways to brainstorm and think critically. Discussions at home can help kids practice doing these things and help them apply these skills to everyday life situations.
    What about the son or daughter who is grown but seems to be floundering and wandering aimlessly through early adulthood? Parents still have a pivotal role to play, but now it is more delicate. It is essential for strong family ties and trust to prevail throughout this trying period. Parents have to be careful not to come across as disappointed in their child. They should exhibit strong interest and respect for whatever currently interests their fledgling adult (as naive or ill conceived as it may seem) while becoming a partner in exploring options for the future. Any career advice should be offered respectfully, and parents should never make it seem as if the young adult’s quandaries have easy answers. They should certainly offer room and board and occasional gifts or grants but not bankroll their start-up adult entirely. Most of all, these new adults must feel that they are respected and supported by a family that appreciates them.
【B2】
选项
答案D
解析 本题我们可以再运用“以复现+无关词排除法为基础的总分结构法”来如法炮制。通过对本段落意思的大体分析，我们发现本段落中主要提及了role models、what they want to do、future等概念，从这个角度马上可以排除以下选项：B)Build Your Kids’ Work Skills、C)Place Time Limits on Leisure Activities、E)Help Kids Develop Coping Strategies、G)Build Your Kids’Sense of Responsibility，这些选项中的核心信息在本段落中均未提及，因此这些选项与本段落应该是无关的。我们再在剩余的两个选项中进一步定位，确定到底哪个标题选项是对本段落主旨的最佳概括。虽然本段落开头句子信息提到了role models，似乎与选项A)Set a Good Example fur Your Kids是相关的，但段落的大部分信息是在谈论孩子的future、what they want to do，段落的最后一个句子更是明确地讲了：  “but having only a foggy view of the future does not bode well for it．”；这里出现了转折关系词“but”，根据前面总结的解题方法，转折后面的信息一定要重点看，该信息往往是句子的关键信息。该句子实际上还是在强调孩子对未来有清晰的目标的重要性，且该句中又一次出现了“future”；并且我们此时也了解了本段落开头提及的“role models”，其目的还是让孩子清晰地了解自己的future，即通过这些“role models”的结局让孩子参照了解自己的将来，段落中还提到了“Have regular dinner-table discussions”，暗示了这种与孩子讨论未来的活动是“regular”，因此只有选项D)Talk about the Future on a Regular Basis是对本段落的最佳总结。选项A)Set a Good Example for Your Kids是典型的干扰项，具有干扰项的特征，即出题人选取本段落中的一个细节信息制造复现结构(即段落首句中的“role models”)，使得选项看似与本段落有关，但其实只是对本段落的一个细节信息的重复，而非对整个段落的主旨的总结，犯了“以偏概全”的错误。
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