2. 考研
  3. [A] Development welcomed by city planners [B] Reduced demands on space and energy [C] Plans for future homes [D] Worldwide examp

[A] Development welcomed by city planners [B] Reduced demands on space and energy [C] Plans for future homes [D] Worldwide examp

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问题 [A] Development welcomed by city planners
[B] Reduced demands on space and energy
[C] Plans for future homes
[D] Worldwide examples of underground accommodation
[E] Developing underground world everywhere
[F] Homes sold before completion
    The first anybody knew about Dutchman Frank Siegmund and his family was when workmen tramping through a field found a narrow steel chimney protruding through the grass. Closer inspection revealed a chink of sky-light window among the thistles, and when amazed investigators moved down the side of the hill they came across a pine door complete with leaded diamond glass and a brass knocker set into an underground building. The Siegmunds are the latest in a clutch of individualistic homemakers who have burrowed underground in search of tranquillity.
1.
    Most, falling foul of strict building regulations, have been forced to dismantle their individualistic homes and return to more conventional lifestyles. But subterranean suburbia, Dutch-style, is about to become respectable and chic. Seven luxury homes cosseted away inside a high earth-covered noise embankment next to the main Tilburg city road recently went on the market for $ 296, 500 each. The foundations had yet to be dug, but customers queued up to buy the unusual part-submerged houses, whose back wall consists of a grassy mound and whose front is a long glass gallery.
2.
    The Dutch are not the only would-be moles. Growing numbers of Europeans are burrowing below ground to create houses, offices, discos and shopping malls. It is already proving a way of life in extreme climates? in winter months in Montreal, Canada, for instance, citizens can escape the cold in an underground complex complete with shops and even health clinics. In Tokyo builders are planning a massive underground city to be begun in the next decade, and underground shopping malls are already common in Japan, where 90 percent of the population is squeezed into 20 percent of the landspace.
3.
    There are big advantages, too, when it comes to private homes. A development of 194 houses which would take up 14 hectares of land above ground would occupy 2. 7 hectares below it, while the number of roads would be halved. Under several meters of earth, noise is minimal and insulation is excellent. Peter Carpenter, secretary of the British Earth Sheltering Association, and an underground dweller himself, says he has never paid a heating bill, thanks to solar panels and natural insulation in his home.
4.
    In Europe, the obstacle has been conservative local authorities and developers who prefer to ensure quick sales with conventional mass produced housing. But the Dutch development was greeted with undisguised relief by South Limburg planners because of Holland’s chronic shortage of land. "They are not so much below the earth as in it, " Jo Hurkmans, a Tilburg architect, says. "All the light will come through the glass front, which runs from the second floor ceiling to the ground. Areas which do not need much natural lighting are at the back. The living accommodation is to the front so nobody notices that the back is dark. "
5.
    In the U. S. , where energy-efficient homes became popular after the oil crisis of 1973, 10, 000 underground houses have been built. A terrace of five homes, Britain’s first subterranean development, is under way in Nottinghamshire. Italy’s outstanding example of subterranean architecture is the Olivetti residential center in Ivrea. Commissioned by Roberto Olivetti in 1969, it comprises 82 one-bed-roomed apartments and 12 maisonettes and forms a house/hotel for Olivetti employees. It is built into a hill and little can be seen from outside except a glass facade. Patrizia Vallecchi, a resident since 1992, says it is little different from living in a conventional apartment.
    Not everyone adapts so well, and in Japan scientists at the Shimizu Corporation have developed "space creation" systems which mix light, sounds, breezes and scents to stimulate people who spend long periods below ground. Underground offices in Japan are being equipped with "virtual" windows and mirrors, while underground departments in the University of Minnesota have periscopes to reflect views and light. But Frank Siegmund and his family love their hobbit lifestyle. "We felt at peace and so close to nature, " he says.
选项
答案B
解析 本段介绍了地下住宅的好处。首先提到节省空间：并举例说建194座住房需要的土地面积由14公顷节省到2．7公顷。还谈到了隔离噪声及保温效果。可以看出，主要的好处是节省了空间和能源。故B项为正确选项。
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