首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
America’s more capitalist sports fans commonly acknowledge that their country’s most popular sports, like the National Football
America’s more capitalist sports fans commonly acknowledge that their country’s most popular sports, like the National Football
admin
2020-01-11
82
问题
America’s more capitalist sports fans commonly acknowledge that their country’s most popular sports, like the National Football League and the National Basketball Association, have several rules that would please a Scandinavian social democrat. Salary caps and luxury taxes limit how much each team can spend on players, punish those that over-spend, and close the gap between rich and poor teams. In both sports, the top draft picks typically go to the worst-performing squads from the previous year. Revenue sharing redistributes wealth among the rich and poor teams. Overall, success is punished by design, misfortune is rewarded by design, and the power of wealth is
circumscribed
with spending caps.
It’s a different story across the Atlantic, where many European soccer leagues have practices that would please an American conservative. There are few salary-cap rules, so a handful of rich teams tend to dominate annually. When a soccer team performs poorly, it is not rewarded with a high draft pick. Instead, the club is
relegated
to a less competitive league, a mighty blow to their revenue. Meanwhile the most successful teams from lower divisions are promoted to more competitive leagues where they can earn even more money.
For years, economists have wondered why America doesn’t share Europe’s socialist approach to government. But maybe it’s worth flipping the question: Why don’t European sports share U.S.-style socialism? Why do European soccer leagues punish the downtrodden, while American sports are so soft on losers?
In their famous 2001 paper, "Why Doesn’t The U.S. Have A European-Style Welfare State?" the economists Alberto Alesina, Edward Glaeser, and Bruce Sacerdote pointed out that public policies are an echo of national history. For example, in the U.S., the legacy of the 19th century’s "open frontier" made Americans skeptical of government intrusion, while the absence of an influential socialist party after World War II made it difficult for leftist policies to take root.
By analogy, perhaps, one could look to history to see the origin of Europe’s surprisingly free-market approach to sports. The rules of today’s English Premier League can be traced to the late 19th century, when English soccer was in a period of rapid growth, with hundreds of English and Welsh clubs forming in several decades. Owners, players, and fans all recognized that the helter-skelter scheduling made it harder for people to plan their lives around soccer. In 1888, 12 teams banded together to form England’s first Football League. This provided a modicum of structure to the beautiful game, such as set schedules and guaranteed home games. In its original rules, the worst teams in the league had to apply for "reelection" to remain. Otherwise, one of England’s hundreds of other soccer teams could take their place. As the League grew in size and number of divisions, reelection evolved into a system of promotion and relegation — a model that has
taken hold
in soccer leagues in Europe and around the world.
Which of the following words is closest in meaning to the underlined word "relegated" in Paragraph 2?
选项
A、chosen
B、downgraded
C、reduced
D、introduced
答案
B
解析
第2段第三、四句表示如果一支球队踢得差,不会有优先的选秀权,而是会被降级到次级联赛,这对他们的收入来说是一个重大打击。A项表示“选择”,C项be reduced to表示“沦落为”,D项表示“介绍”,都与句意不符。relegated表示“降级”,downgraded与其意思相同,B项正确。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/idwO777K
本试题收录于:
CATTI三级笔译综合能力题库翻译专业资格(CATTI)分类
0
CATTI三级笔译综合能力
翻译专业资格(CATTI)
相关试题推荐
Ithasbeensaid,"Noteverythingthatislearnediscontainedinbooks."Compareandcontrastknowledgegainedfromexperience
"BuildingwithArches"RoundArchandVaultAlthoughtheroundarchwasusedbytheancientpeoplesofMesopotamiaseveral
"PaleolithicArt"Fromthemomentin1879thatcavepaintingswerediscoveredatAltamira,scholarshavewonderedwhythehun
EconomicDeclineinEuropeDuringtheFourteenthCenturyP1:Someverynegativefactorsaccountedfortheeconomiccrisisinfou
BirdSongP1:Birdsonghasneverlackedadmirersdrawnbyitsaestheticqualities.Buttoscientists,birdsongisalsoofinte
AnimalBehaviorP1:Throughoutmuchofthe20thcentury,EuropeanandAmericanscientistsweresharplydividedoverhowtostudy
1Thefieldofeconomicsstudiesthebasicproblemsthateveryeconomymustface:whatgoodswillbeproducedandforwhomthey
Itisnowwell-establishedthatpetroleummigratesthroughaquifersandcanbecometrappedinreservoirs.Petroleummigrationis
Whatwillthewomanspendtheeveningdoing?Whyhasthecitystartedthetutoringprogram?
Picasso’s______abilitywasapparentinhisearlyyouthwhenhestarteddrawingsketches.
随机试题
要使绝缘栅双极型晶体管导通,应()。
成型零件工作尺寸与_________有关。
下列关于电子商务信息经济新规律的说法中,正确的有()
简述企业净利润的构成。
脊柱骨性关节炎包括
两药合用,一种药物能使另一种药物原有的功效降低或丧失。这种配伍关系是
处方书写补骨脂,应付
案例一:刘教授今年75岁,老伴今年72岁,他们有一个儿子,儿子与他人合伙经营一家会计师事务所。现在刘教授生病住院,想制订一份财产传承规划方案,到理财规划师处进行咨询。根据案例回答下列问题。刘教授的遗产不包括()。
.甲公司2013年3月6日自证券市场购入乙公司发行的股票20万股,共支付价款104万元,其中包括交易费用4万元。购入时,乙公司已宣告但尚未发放的现金股利为每股0.1元。甲公司将购入的乙公司股票作为可供出售金融资产核算。甲公司2013年4月10日收到现金股利
一、注意事项1.本次申论考试是对应考者阅读理解能力、综合分析能力、提出和解决问题能力、写作能力和文字表达能力的综合测试。2.请使用简体汉字作答。二、给定资料1.“公共服务”无论是作为概念,作为经济、社会发展的一个标志,还是作为
最新回复
(
0
)