首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Only recently has biology begun to see itself as an information technology. An organism’s physiology and behavior are dictated l
Only recently has biology begun to see itself as an information technology. An organism’s physiology and behavior are dictated l
admin
2011-03-10
41
问题
Only recently has biology begun to see itself as an information technology. An organism’s physiology and behavior are dictated largely by its genes. And those genes contain information written in code that is surprisingly similar to the digital code that computer scientists have devised for the storage and transmission of other information.
There are some differences, of Course. The genetic code has four elements (known as bases or letters), while a computer’s binary code has only two. And the bases of genetic code are grouped together in threes rather than in the eight-bit bytes of computing. But the similarities are so striking that biology is suddenly undergoing a serious amount of computerization. At the same time, there has been rapid progress in the machines that supply the raw material for the computer - the sequences of genetic bases to be analyzed. A single gene-sequencing machine can now read hundreds of thousands of bases per day; and newer technologies, such as "gene chips", should produce even more data to be stored and annotated for subsequent study.
The result is a mind-boggling amount of information. A genetics laboratory can easily produce 100 gigabytes of data a day--that is about 20,000 times the volume of data in the complete works of Shakespeare or J. S. Bach. The analysis of such data poses problems beyond mere volume control. Computer programs must analyze what constitutes a biologically meaningful relationship between a newly discovered sequence of DNA and existing sequences stored in a central database. Programming a computer for such tasks requires both extensive knowledge of computing theory and a keen biological intuition.
And there’s the rub. The real problem about the growing quantification of biology is not the change in the subject but the lack of change in its practitioners. For a sudden in pouring of data is not unique to biology .Astronomers must now deal with squillions of bits of data from automatic sky surveys; particle physicists would not have the first idea of what was going on in their machines if the results of their experiments were not processed automatically. Yet neither of these fields seems to be suffering unduly from information overload because the physical sciences are founded on number crunching. Many biologists, however, avoided the fields of astronomy or particle physics because they have, in the delicately chosen words of Sylvia Spengler of the Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Genomics in California, "some problem with mathematics." The result is that there is a desperate shortage of specialists capable of developing the tools that biologists need. What is required is genuinely new kind of scientist who is trained both in computer science and biology. It used to be said that the physicists got all the research money. Now, however, it is the biologists’ budgets that are growing. But there is a price. As biology becomes numerically rigorous, its practitioners have no choice but to do the same.
According to the author, what is the central problem facing biological researchers today?
选项
A、A shortage of research funds.
B、A reluctance to acquire advanced mathematical skills.
C、An insufficient knowledge of computer languages.
D、An unwillingness to work cooperatively with mathematicians.
答案
C
解析
文章最后一段第五句中Sylvia Spengler说“Many biologists,however, avoided the field of…because they have some problem with mathematics”,接着说“The result is that there is a desperate shortage of specialists…need.What is required is genuinely new kind of scientist who is trained both in computer science and biology”,由此可以看出C是答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/lDYO777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
A、Theliteraryworld,theartcircles,socialscience-economics.B、Historyandgeography,scienceandtechnology.C、Speciesand
A、ThegirlwaslivingwithhexmotherB、ThelandladywitnessedthecrimeC、ThegirlandthesuspectprobablyweredatingD、Theg
A、Securityforces.B、Someofficials.C、Militants.D、Thefarmers.C
A、themorningcerealWeetabixB、HPSauceC、KimberleyClarkD、CigarettesbyAbdullahD
Ofallthecomponentsofagoodnight’ssleep,dreamsseemtobeleastwithinourcontrol.Indreams,awindowopensintoaworl
ThefoundersoftheRepublicviewedtheirrevolutionprimarilyinpoliticalratherthaneconomicorsocialterms.Andtheytalke
Thestudyofhowsoundsareputtogetherandusedtoconveymeaningincommunicationis______.
AlaskaoftheUSAwasboughtfrom______inthe19thcentury.
Adelaide.thecapitalofSouthAustralia,isinternationallyknownforits______.
随机试题
A.肾小体和肾小管B.肾小体、肾小管和集合小管C.近端小管、细段和远端小管D.近端小管直部、细段和远端小管直部肾单位()
有期限物权是指有存续期限的物权,()属于有期限物权。
某种燃料在干空气条件下(假设空气仅由氮气和氧气组成,其体积比为3.78)燃烧,用奥萨特烟气分析仪测得干烟气成分如下:CO2为10.7%、O2为7.2%、CO为1%,则燃烧过程的空气过剩系数为()。
保险代理机构可以()
信用社以效益性、安全性、流动性为经营原则,实行()。
在授课安排上,高尔霍夫尔第一次提出要系统地考虑_______、耐力和灵敏的运动学特征。
就班级而言,班级成员在文化上表现出的同质性,归因于()。
生活中,我们应该学会一些自救和互救的技能。下列有关意外事故的处理不正确的是()。
InventorofLEDWhenNickHolonyaksetouttocreateanewkindofvisiblelightingusingsemiconductoralloys,hiscolleagu
Completethesummarybelow.UseNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachanswer.PROJECTMANAGENTLastweek’sdefinitionofpro
最新回复
(
0
)