首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
The Calculator Game Is in the Progress on the Programming Now Researchers in the field of artificial intelligence have long
The Calculator Game Is in the Progress on the Programming Now Researchers in the field of artificial intelligence have long
admin
2013-04-03
59
问题
The Calculator Game Is in the Progress on the Programming Now
Researchers in the field of artificial intelligence have long been intrigued by games, and not just as a way of avoiding work. Games provide an ideal setting to explore important elements of the design of cleverer machines, such as pattern recognition, learning and planning. They also hold out the tantalizing possibility of fame and fortune should the program ever beat a human champion.
Ever since the stunning victory of Deep Blue, a program running on an IBM supercomputer, over Gary Kasparov, then world chess champion, in 1997, it has been clear that computers would dominate that particular game. Today, though, they are pressing the attack on every front. There is one game, however, where humans still reign supreme Go. Yet here too their grip is beginning to loosen.
Go was invented more than 2,500 years ago in China. It is a strategic contest in which two players take turns to place stones on the intersections of a grid with 19 lines on each side. Each player tries to stake out territory and surround his opponent. The rules are simple but the play is extraordinarily complex. During a game, some stones will "die", and some will appear to be dead but spring back to life at an ill-timed moment. It is often difficult to say who is winning right until the end.
Deep Blue beat Mr. Kasparov using the "brute force" technique. Rather than search for the best move in a given position, the computer considers all white’s moves, and all black’s possible replies, and all white’s replies to those replies, and so on for, say, a dozen turns. The resulting map of possible moves has millions of branches. The computer combs through the possible outcomes and plays the one move that would give its opponent the fewest chances of winning. Unfortunately, brute force will not work in Go. First, the game has many more possible positions than chess does. Second, the number of possible moves from a typical position in Go is about 200. compared with about a dozen in chess. Finally, evaluating a Go position is fiendishly difficult. The fastest programs can assess just 50 positions a second, compared with 500,000 in chess. In the past two decades researchers have explored several alternative strategies with indifferent results. Now however, programmers are making impressive gains with a technique known as the Monte Carlo method. Given a position, a program using a Monte Carlo algorithm contemplates every move and plays a large number of random games to see what happens. If it wins in 80% of those games, the move is probably good. Otherwise, it keeps looking. The result is a new generation of fast programs that play particularly well on small versions of the Go board.
Which of the following statements is true according to Para. 3?
选项
A、Go was a Chinese strategic contest invented long ago.
B、Stones of Go could be placed constantly.
C、The play of Go is too complex to win.
D、People often don’t know who is winning the play.
答案
A
解析
推理判断题。第三段首句介绍围棋是2500年前发明于中国的一种策略游戏,[A]项符合。[B]项错误,在19×19的棋盘交叉点上,棋子无法被永恒地放下去.[C]项错误,围棋虽然复杂,但依然可以分出胜负.[D]项错误。文中第三段最后一句只是说围棋比赛局势多变,往往到最后时刻才见分晓,而不是人们不知道谁胜谁负。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/lJd4777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
Intheearly1800s,groupsofEnglishworkerswreckedmachinesthattheyfeltthreatenedtheirjobs.(46)Theywerecalled"Luddi
Intheearly1800s,groupsofEnglishworkerswreckedmachinesthattheyfeltthreatenedtheirjobs.(46)Theywerecalled"Luddi
It’strueaboutworkthatInamodernfactory,theworkersfeelfrustratedinthat
SometimebetweendigestingChristmasdinnerandputtingyourheadbackdowntowork,spareathoughtortwoforthecranberry.
SometimebetweendigestingChristmasdinnerandputtingyourheadbackdowntowork,spareathoughtortwoforthecranberry.
SometimebetweendigestingChristmasdinnerandputtingyourheadbackdowntowork,spareathoughtortwoforthecranberry.
SometimebetweendigestingChristmasdinnerandputtingyourheadbackdowntowork,spareathoughtortwoforthecranberry.
Informationchannelingisundergoingremarkableprogressinvarioussectorsofsocietyinindustrialactivities,publicservices
ThelongandprogressivereignofQueenVictoriacametoaclimaxatatimeofpeaceandplentywhentheBritishEmpireseemedt
Researchershavefoundthatmigratinganimalsuseavarietyofinnercompassestohelpthemnavigate.Some(1)_____bytheposit
随机试题
紫外线光敏疗法禁用于
左旋多巴体内过程特点是()
编制全国主体功能区规划,就是要根据不同区域的资源环境承载能力、现有开发密度和发展潜力,统筹谋划未来人口分布、经济布局、国土利用和城镇化格局,将国土空间划分为()类型。
以下关于无轨运输的说法,正确的是()。
商业银行薪酬管理一般采取总行统一领导、分行具体实施的管理模式。()
定性分析的主要方法包括()。
政务微博(复旦大学2013年研)
某项目主要由A~I任务构成,其计划图(如下图所示)展示了各任务之间的前后关系以及每个任务的工期(单位:天),该项目的关键路径是(1)。在不延误项目总工期的情况下,任务A最多可以推迟开始的时间是(2)天。(2009年上半年试题)(2)
Mostpublishingisnow"electronic"inthesensethatbooks,magazines,andnewspapersarepreparedoncomputers,andexistasc
MeaninginLiteratureI.AUTHOR—Interpretauthor’sintendedmeaningbya)Readingotherworksby【T1】_____【T1】______b)Knowingc
最新回复
(
0
)