首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Many objects in daily use have clearly been influenced by science, but their form and function, their dimensions arid appearance
Many objects in daily use have clearly been influenced by science, but their form and function, their dimensions arid appearance
admin
2011-01-04
39
问题
Many objects in daily use have clearly been influenced by science, but their form and function, their dimensions arid appearance were determined by technologists, artisans, designers, inventors, and engineers using nonscientific modes of thought. Many features and qualities of the objects that a technologist thinks about cannot be reduced to unambiguous verbal descriptions; they are dealt with in the mind by a visual, nonverbal process. In the development of Western technology, it has been nonverbal thinking, by and large, that has fixed the outlines and filled in the details, and rockets exist not because of geometry or thermodynamics (热力学) , but because they were first pictures in the minds of those who built them.
The creative shaping process of a technologist’s mind can be seen in nearly every artifact (人工制品) that exists. For example, in designing a diesel (柴油) engine, a technologist might impress individual ways of nonverbal thinking on the machine by continually using an intuitive sense of Tightness and fitness. What would be the shape of the combustion chamber? Where should be the valves played? Should it have a long or short piston(活塞)? Such questions have a range of answers that are supplied by experience? by physical requirements, by limitations of available space, and not least by a sense of form. Some decisions, such as wall thickness and pin diameter, may depend on scientific calculation, but the nonscientific component of design remains primary. Design courses, then, should be an essential element in engineering curricula. Nonverbal thinking, a central mechanism in engineering design, involves perceptions, the stock in trade of the artist, not the scientist. Because perceptive processes are not assumed to entail "hard thinking", nonverbal thought is sometimes seen as primitive stage in the development of cognitive processes and inferior to verbal or mathematical thought. But it is paradoxical that when the staff of the Historic American Engineering Record wished to have drawings made of machines and isometric (等距画法) views of industrial processes for its historical record of American engineering, the only college students with the requisite (必要的) abilities were not engineering students, but rather students attending architectural schools.
If courses in design, which in a strongly analytical engineering curriculum provide the background required for practical problem solving, are not provided, we call expect to encounter silly but costly errors occurring in advance engineering systems. For example, early models of high-speed railroad cars loaded with sophisticated controls were unable to operate in a snowstorm because a fan sucked snows into the electrical system. Absurd random failures that plague automatic control systems are not merely trivial aberrations(过失) ; they are a reflection of the chaos that results when design is assumed to be primarily a problem in mathematics.
The example of the early models of high-speed railroad cars is used to______.
选项
A、weaken the point that math is a necessary part of the study of design
B、support the idea that errors in modern engineering systems are likely to increase
C、illustrate the topic that courses in design are the most effective cost reducing means
D、exemplify the thesis that the inadequate attention to nonscientific design may result in poor design
答案
D
解析
仔细阅读并分析第四段的内容可知本题的正确答案为D。其中讲到如果不安排,将会在先进的工程系统中犯下愚蠢的错误,造成巨大损失。接下来以高速铁路机车为例进行了具体说明。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/lcHO777K
0
在职攻硕英语联考
相关试题推荐
RiteofPassageisagoodnovelbyanystandards;______,itshouldrankhighonanylistofsciencefiction.
Thewaythatpeoplespendtheirmoney,andtheobjectsonwhichtheyspendit,arethelastareaswherefreechoiceandindividu
Thewaythatpeoplespendtheirmoney,andtheobjectsonwhichtheyspendit,arethelastareaswherefreechoiceandindividu
Thewaythatpeoplespendtheirmoney,andtheobjectsonwhichtheyspendit,arethelastareaswherefreechoiceandindividu
Thewaythatpeoplespendtheirmoney,andtheobjectsonwhichtheyspendit,arethelastareaswherefreechoiceandindividu
Thewaythatpeoplespendtheirmoney,andtheobjectsonwhichtheyspendit,arethelastareaswherefreechoiceandindividu
随机试题
封闭式基金
南唐词与西蜀词的主要区别。
男性患者,52岁。左下腹痛伴脓血便4个月,近1个月脓血便消失,便条变细。查体:无阳性体征。为明确诊断首选的检查为
对氨基水杨酸钠中特殊杂质间氨基酚的检查,是利用什么萃取出间氨基酚
A.阳虚阴盛,格阳于外的真寒假热证B.里热盛极,格阴于外的真热假寒证C.瘀血内阻所致的出血证D.中气不足所致的脘腹胀满E.实热壅积的阳明腑实证“寒因寒用”的治法适用于
2011年3月10日,A公司通过互联网发布广告称其有一批优质木材出售,价格为每立方米3500元,并附有图片和规格。B公闭见到后,即向A公司发出电子邮件,称如果价格能降低至每立方米2500元,愿意至少购买100立方米。A公司以电子邮件回复,可以商量,希望
关于本校法的说法,正确的有()等。
湘剧属于()腔系。
下列犯罪情形应当适用死刑的是()。
Parentsshouldstopblamingthemselvesbecausethere’snotalottheycandoaboutit.Imeantheteenager(十几岁的孩子)problem.Wha
最新回复
(
0
)