首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Many objects in daily use have clearly been influenced by science, but their form and function, their dimensions arid appearance
Many objects in daily use have clearly been influenced by science, but their form and function, their dimensions arid appearance
admin
2011-01-04
62
问题
Many objects in daily use have clearly been influenced by science, but their form and function, their dimensions arid appearance were determined by technologists, artisans, designers, inventors, and engineers using nonscientific modes of thought. Many features and qualities of the objects that a technologist thinks about cannot be reduced to unambiguous verbal descriptions; they are dealt with in the mind by a visual, nonverbal process. In the development of Western technology, it has been nonverbal thinking, by and large, that has fixed the outlines and filled in the details, and rockets exist not because of geometry or thermodynamics (热力学) , but because they were first pictures in the minds of those who built them.
The creative shaping process of a technologist’s mind can be seen in nearly every artifact (人工制品) that exists. For example, in designing a diesel (柴油) engine, a technologist might impress individual ways of nonverbal thinking on the machine by continually using an intuitive sense of Tightness and fitness. What would be the shape of the combustion chamber? Where should be the valves played? Should it have a long or short piston(活塞)? Such questions have a range of answers that are supplied by experience? by physical requirements, by limitations of available space, and not least by a sense of form. Some decisions, such as wall thickness and pin diameter, may depend on scientific calculation, but the nonscientific component of design remains primary. Design courses, then, should be an essential element in engineering curricula. Nonverbal thinking, a central mechanism in engineering design, involves perceptions, the stock in trade of the artist, not the scientist. Because perceptive processes are not assumed to entail "hard thinking", nonverbal thought is sometimes seen as primitive stage in the development of cognitive processes and inferior to verbal or mathematical thought. But it is paradoxical that when the staff of the Historic American Engineering Record wished to have drawings made of machines and isometric (等距画法) views of industrial processes for its historical record of American engineering, the only college students with the requisite (必要的) abilities were not engineering students, but rather students attending architectural schools.
If courses in design, which in a strongly analytical engineering curriculum provide the background required for practical problem solving, are not provided, we call expect to encounter silly but costly errors occurring in advance engineering systems. For example, early models of high-speed railroad cars loaded with sophisticated controls were unable to operate in a snowstorm because a fan sucked snows into the electrical system. Absurd random failures that plague automatic control systems are not merely trivial aberrations(过失) ; they are a reflection of the chaos that results when design is assumed to be primarily a problem in mathematics.
The example of the early models of high-speed railroad cars is used to______.
选项
A、weaken the point that math is a necessary part of the study of design
B、support the idea that errors in modern engineering systems are likely to increase
C、illustrate the topic that courses in design are the most effective cost reducing means
D、exemplify the thesis that the inadequate attention to nonscientific design may result in poor design
答案
D
解析
仔细阅读并分析第四段的内容可知本题的正确答案为D。其中讲到如果不安排,将会在先进的工程系统中犯下愚蠢的错误,造成巨大损失。接下来以高速铁路机车为例进行了具体说明。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/lcHO777K
0
在职攻硕英语联考
相关试题推荐
RiteofPassageisagoodnovelbyanystandards;______,itshouldrankhighonanylistofsciencefiction.
Thewaythatpeoplespendtheirmoney,andtheobjectsonwhichtheyspendit,arethelastareaswherefreechoiceandindividu
Thewaythatpeoplespendtheirmoney,andtheobjectsonwhichtheyspendit,arethelastareaswherefreechoiceandindividu
Thewaythatpeoplespendtheirmoney,andtheobjectsonwhichtheyspendit,arethelastareaswherefreechoiceandindividu
Thewaythatpeoplespendtheirmoney,andtheobjectsonwhichtheyspendit,arethelastareaswherefreechoiceandindividu
Thewaythatpeoplespendtheirmoney,andtheobjectsonwhichtheyspendit,arethelastareaswherefreechoiceandindividu
随机试题
有关行政复议、行政诉讼和国家赔偿的法律、法规实施情况,一般不属于公安机关法制部门执法监督的职责范围。()
不能耐受秋水仙碱和非甾体抗炎药的急性痛风可选用
硒具有抗过氧化作用,因为硒
城市规划强制性内容是指省域城镇体系规划、城市总体规划、城市详细规划中涉及区域协调发展、()、环境保护、风景名胜资源管理、自然与文化遗产保护、公众利益和公共安全等方面的内容。
高压成套配电柜和箱式变电站的安装以“台”为计量单位,安装内容包括( )。
营业账簿应纳印花税为()元。除加工承揽合同外的其余应税凭证应纳印花税总额为()元。
根据企业所得税的规定,以下关于资产税务处理的表述中,错误的是()。
在实际情况中,生产控制的基本程序包括()。
IEEE802.11i所采用的加密算法为______。
某二叉树中度为2的结点有18个,则该二叉树中有______个叶子结点。
最新回复
(
0
)