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Everyone, it seems, has a health problem. After pouring billions into the National Health Service, British people moan about dir

admin2022-07-19  65
问题     Everyone, it seems, has a health problem. After pouring billions into the National Health Service, British people moan about dirty hospitals, long waits and wasted money. In Germany, the chancellor, Angela Merkel, is under fire for suggesting changing the financing of its health system. Canada’s Conservative Prime Minister, Stephen Harper, made a big fuss during the election about reducing the country’s lengthy medical queues. Across the rich world, affluence, ageing and advancing technology are driving up health spending faster than income.
    But nowhere has a bigger health problem than America. Soaring medical bills are squeezing wages, swelling the ranks of the uninsured and pushing huge firms and perhaps even the government towards bankruptcy. Ford’s announcement that it would cut up to 30,000 jobs was as much a sign of its "legacy" health-care costs as of the ills of the car industry. Pushed by polls that show health care is one of his main domestic problems and by forecasts showing that the baby boomers will crush the government’s finances, President of the United Stares is to unveil a reform plan in next week’s state-of-the-union address.
    America’s health system is unlike any other. The United States spends 16％ of its GDP on health, around twice the rich-country average, equivalent to $6,280 for every American each year. Yet it is the only rich country that does not guarantee universal health coverage. Thanks to an accident of history, most Americans receive health insurance through their employer, with the government picking up the bill for the poor and the elderly.
    This curious hybrid certainly has its strengths. Americans have more choice than anybody else, and their health-care system is much more innovative. Europeans’ bills could be much higher if American medicine were not doing much of their Research and Development (R&D) for them. But there are also huge weaknesses. The one most often cited—especially by foreigners—is the army of uninsured. Some 46 million Americans do not have cover. In many cases that is out of choice and, if they fall seriously ill, hospitals have to treat them. But it is still deeply unequal. And there are also shocking inefficiencies: by some measures, 30％ of American health spending is wasted.
    Then there is the question of state support. Many Americans disapprove of the "socialized medicine" of Canada and Europe. In fact, even if much of the administration is done privately, around 60％ of America’s health-care bill ends up being met by the government. Proportionately, the American state already spends as much on health as the OECD (Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development) average and that share is set to grow as the baby boomers run up their Medicare bills and ever more employers avoid providing health-care coverage. America is, in effect, heading towards a version of socialized medicine by default.
Health problems mentioned in the passage include all the following EXCEPT________.
选项 A、poor hospital conditions in U.K.
B、Angela Merkel under attack
C、health financing in Germany
D、long waiting lines in Canada
答案B
解析 本题关键词是health problems，问题是：哪个医疗问题是本文没有谈及的?可以定位到文章第一段。根据第一段第三句，德国总理安格拉.默克尔(Angela Merkel)由于建议改革医疗系统的融资(changing the financing)而受到批评(under fire)，虽然选项B的under attack与原文under fire是同义替换，但“总理受批评”这件事并不属于“医疗问题”，所以选项B答非所问，为正确选项。第一段第二句提到英国人仍然抱怨医院脏乱(dirty hospitals)，候诊时间长(long waits)以及看病贵(wasted money)，选项A的poor conditions和原文dirty属于同义替换，是文章提及的问题。选项C来自第三句话，德国总理安格拉-默克尔由于建议改革医疗系统的融资(changing the financing)而受到批评，这说明德国的医疗融资体系是有问题的，属于题干所问的“医疗问题”。根据第四句话，加拿大保守派总理史蒂芬.哈伯在选举期间就对缓解加拿大的看病排长队问题(lengthy medical queues)大做文章(made a big fuss)，选项D的long waiting lines与原文的lengthy medical queues属于同义替换，属于题干所问的“医疗问题”。第一段：发达国家普遍面临医疗问题。
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