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  3. The basic flag of the United States is one of the world’ s oldest national flags. Only the basic flags of Austria, Denmark, Grea

The basic flag of the United States is one of the world’ s oldest national flags. Only the basic flags of Austria, Denmark, Grea

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问题     The basic flag of the United States is one of the world’ s oldest national flags. Only the basic flags of Austria, Denmark, Great Britain, the Netherlands, Sweden, and Switzerland are older. During the discovery and settlement of what is now the United States the flags of various European nations were flown over the land, as symbols of possession. Later, in the colonial and Revolutionary War periods, flags representing famous persons, places, and events were flown in the American Colonies.
    The first official flag of the United States was created by Congress on June 14, 1777. It consisted of 13 alternate red and white stripes and 13 white stars in a field of blue, representing the 13 colonies that had declared their independence in 1776. Congress adopted a new flag of 15 stars and 15 stripes in 1795, to give representation to the two new states admitted into the Union, Vermont and Kentucky.
    By 1817, there were 20 states in the Union, and it became apparent that adding one stripe for each new state would destroy the shape of the flag. As a result, Congress in 1818 restored the original design of 13 stripes and provided that each state was to be represented by one star. In 1912 President William H. Taft made the first official provision for the arrangement of the stars. He ordered that there be six even rows of eight stars each. Previously the arrangement of the stars had been left to the flag maker’s desire. The evolution of the stars and stripes reflects the growth of the United States. After the admission of Hawaii into the Union in 1959, the flag was officially changed for the 26th time since its creation.
    There are many government flags flown in the United States in addition to the national flag. Among them are the president’ s and vice-president’ s flags and those of the federal departments and some federal agencies. Each state in the Union has an official flag. The United States Navy used special flags for signaling.
Where the stars were placed on the national flag in 1818 was decided by______.
选项 A、Congress
B、the president
C、the government
D、the flag maker
答案D
解析 推断题。该题问“在1818年，国旗上星的位置是由谁决定的?”根据问题中1818的提示，我们发现答题依据在文章第三段。文章说到，1818年国会决定恢复原来的十三个条纹的制作，每一颗星代表一个州。1912年 Taft总统首次正式规定星的排列。此前，星的排列是由国旗的制作者确定的。据此，我们可以推断在1818年，国旗上星的位置是由设计者决定的。故，正确答案为[D](国旗的制作者)。
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