首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
The momentum is building ahead of next month’s G8 summit in Scotland where the leaders of the world’s richest nations will debat
The momentum is building ahead of next month’s G8 summit in Scotland where the leaders of the world’s richest nations will debat
admin
2017-03-15
19
问题
The momentum is building ahead of next month’s G8 summit in Scotland where the leaders of the world’s richest nations will debate what they can do to help some of the world’s poorest. Africa is the priority and the politicians will discuss 【C1】______, ending trade regulations which put the continent’s economy at a disadvantage, and giving more aid.
【C2】______—along the coastline, near the continents’ ports—are monuments to exploitation. On the island of Goree, for example,【C3】______ Senegal, there’s the Slave House. This was the last place many Africans saw before being shipped off【C4】______ in the Americas or, just as often, to death on the high seas.
There are many more places like this【C5】______ or so of the African slave trade. When people wonder why Africa is so poor, they need look no further for【C6】______.
Some people argue that【C7】______—railways and schools and so on—the system was principally designed to turn Africa into a【C8】______ for the profit of outsiders.
Of course, some Africans gained from this period. Chiefs who sold their enemies【C9】______, for example, and coastal people who creamed a little off the colonial trade which flowed through their land.
But on the whole,【C10】______, the general rule was systematic exploitation. This must, surely, be the basic reason why Africa is poor. You could add that the climate is punishing, that 【C11】______, and that today’s independent African rulers are far from perfect. All true. But these factors, powerful in recent decades, seem marginal when【C12】______ that was set for centuries.
The solution, or, at least, the project sold as the solution, has been "aid". Emergency aid, development aid, agricultural aid, economic advice.【C13】______. The problem with this solution is that, patently, it hasn’t worked.
On the whole, Africa has got poorer. The failure hasn’t really been the idea of real aid but【C14】______. Clearly, if, in the famous phrase, you "teach a man to fish", you’re probably helping him.
But most aid hasn’t been like that. Most of it has been "top-down" aid, money that’s given to African governments【C15】______ the aid givers. A good proportion of it has been creamed off by the recipient government’s officials and【C16】______ paid back to the so-called "donors" in consultancy fees, salaries, cars, houses-and-servants for aid officials,【C17】______ of arms.
During the Cold War, which only ended in the 1990s, most aid to Africa was never really even【C18】______. It was designed to reward client states for supporting or opposing【C19】______. This led to inappropriate and sometimes laughable results. There’s an apocryphal tale that does the rounds, for example, of the former Soviet Union, in the 1970s,【C20】______ to tropical Guinea. To be honest, I don’t know if this story is true. But I do know of many cases where so-called food aid has destroyed markets for local farmers by driving down prices.
【C1】
The momentum is building ahead of next month’s G8 summit in Scotland where the leaders of the world’s richest nations will debate what they can do to help some of the world’s poorest. Africa is the priority and the politicians will discuss reducing the debt burden, ending trade regulations which put the continent’s economy at a disadvantage, and giving more aid.
All around the edge of Africa—along the coastline, near the continents’ ports—are monuments to exploitation. On the island of Goree, for example, just off the coast of Senegal, there’s the Slave House. This was the last place many Africans saw before being shipped off to a lifetime of slavery in the Americas or, just as often, to death on the high seas.
There are many more places like this dating from the 350 years or so of the African slave trade. When people wonder why Africa is so poor, they need look no further for the start of an explanation.
Some people argue that colonialism brought limited development—railways and schools and so on—the system was principally designed to turn Africa into a vast plantation and mining site for the profit of outsiders.
Of course, some Africans gained from this period. Chiefs who sold their enemies to the European or Arab slavers, for example, and coastal people who creamed a little off the colonial trade which flowed through their land.
But on the whole, for almost half a millennium, the general rule was systematic exploitation. This must, surely, be the basic reason why Africa is so poor. You could add that the climate is punishing, that tropical diseases are rife, and that today’s independent African rulers are far from perfect. All true. But these factors, powerful in recent decades, seem marginal when set against to the pattern that was set for centuries.
The solution, or, at least, the project sold as the solution, has been "aid". Emergency aid, development aid, agricultural aid, economic advice. Billions of dollars worth of it. The problem with this solution is that, patently, it hasn’t worked.
On the whole, Africa has got poorer. The failure hasn’t really been the idea of real aid but the misuse of that term. Clearly, if, in the famous phrase, you "teach a man to fish", you’re probably helping him.
But most aid hasn’t been like that. Most of it has been "top-down" aid, money that’s given to African governments do the political bidding of the aid givers. A good proportion of it has been creamed off by the recipient government’s officials and another large chunk of it paid back to the so-called "donors" in consultancy fees, salaries, cars, houses-and-servants for aid officials, debt repayments and the purchasing of arms.
During the Cold War, which only ended in the 1990s, most aid to Africa was never really even supposed to help poor people. It was designed to reward client states for supporting or opposing one of the dominant ideologies. This led to inappropriate and sometimes laughable results. There’s an apocryphal tale that does the rounds, for example, of the former Soviet Union, in the 1970s, supplying snow ploughs to tropical Guinea. To be honest, I don’t know if this story is true. But I do know of many cases where so-called food aid has destroyed markets for local farmers by driving down prices.
选项
答案
reducing the debt burden
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/mjSO777K
本试题收录于:
NAETI高级口译笔试题库外语翻译证书(NAETI)分类
0
NAETI高级口译笔试
外语翻译证书(NAETI)
相关试题推荐
In1959,Hawaiibecamethefiftiethstateintheunion.【C1】________CongresssofarawayinWashingtonD.C.,howdoHawaiiansg
Minister,DistinguishedDelegates,IamverypleasedtojoinyoutodayonbehalfofUNAIDS,theJointUnitedNationsProgra
LadiesandGentlemen,ItismypleasuretoaddressyouasaUnitedNationsGoodwillAmbassadortothisSecondWorldAssembly
IamverypleasedtowelcomesomanyofyoutothisGlobalCompactSummit.Thisisthelargestandhighest-levelgatheringofle
在中关建交25周年前夕,我应布什总统的邀请正式访问贵国。纽约是我访美的第一站,在这里能与各位新老朋友欢聚一堂,我感到很高兴。在此我要特别感谢美国银行家协会的盛情款待,向多年来为推动中美经贸合作做出积极贡献的各位朋友表示敬意!并通过你们向伟大的美国人民致以诚
旅游是一项集观光、娱乐、健身为一体的愉快而美好的活动。旅游业随着时代进步而不断进步。从20世纪中期起,现代旅游业在全世界迅速发展。游客人数不断增长,旅游业规模持续扩大,旅游经济地位显著提升,旅游活动愈益成为各国人民交流文化、增进友谊、扩大交往的重
中美两国建交以来,人民之间的交往不断扩大。两国已缔结了33对友好省州和123对姊妹城市。去年,到中国旅游的美国人多达131万人次。中国赴美探亲、求学、经商的有44万人次。中国有超过18万人曾在美国留学,目前在读的留学生有六万余人。而在中国学习的美国留学生
下面你将听到的是一段有关矿产开发的讲话。中国经济高速发展,需要大量的矿产品及相关的能源与原材料加工制品。每年消耗的矿石量达60多亿吨,位居世界前列。中国政府为实现经济的可持续发展,在矿产资源勘查、开发领域制定了一系列的法律、法规和政策,
下面你将听到一段有关中美贸易关系的讲话。在冷战结束后的新形势下,两国要不要及如何发展双边关系,是中美两国面临的重大课题。“永久正常贸易关系”的通过表明,在美国,支持发展中美关系的力量占了上风,美国政府、国会、工商企业界和公众的主流都支持以建设性的
与政府存在合约关系的美国公司经常面临这样的选择,究竟购买价格昂贵的本土产品,还是价格低廉的外来产品。如果公司选择购买本土产品,可能会因为未能把价格压低而激怒纳税人。但如果购买外来产品,则可能让美国工人面临失业危机。最近,美国国会通过法律,勒令与政府签过合同
随机试题
系统方法
Idon’tmind_______totheparty.
血钾浓度_________为低钾血症;血钾浓度_________为高钾血症。
某社区开展的高血压预防的社区健康促进项目中,社区卫生服务站向居民提供定期测量血压的服务,属于健康促进中的()
急性感染性多发性神经炎患者脑脊液的典型改变是()
案情:2003年5月18号晚上9点左右,张高平和侄子张辉驾驶皖J-11260解放牌货车去上海。17岁的王某经别人介绍搭他们的顺风车去杭州。2003年5月19号杭州市公安局西湖区分局接到报案,在杭州市西湖区一水沟里发现一具女尸,即5月18号搭乘
现金是由( )经管的。
促进胎儿的生长发育和预防先天畸形,孕晚期孕妇维生素A的RNI和UL均高于未孕期。()
A、 B、 C、 D、 D左边四个图形可以拼合成如下图形:
Todaywhenweplacecandlesonabirthdaycakeandhopethatwesucceedinblowingthemoutwithonebreathsothatwecanrecei
最新回复
(
0
)