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  3. Standard English is the variety of English which is usually used in print and which is normally taught in schools and to non-nat

Standard English is the variety of English which is usually used in print and which is normally taught in schools and to non-nat

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问题     Standard English is the variety of English which is usually used in print and which is normally taught in schools and to non-native speakers leaning the language. It is also the variety which is normally 26 by educated people and used in news broadcasts and other 27 situations. The difference between standard and nonstandard, it should be noted, has 28 in principle to do with differences between formal and colloquial 29 ; standard English has colloquial as well as formal variants.
    30 , the standard variety of English is based on the London 31 of English that developed after the Norman Conquest resulted in the removal of the Court from Winchester to London. This dialect became the one 32 by the educated, and it was developed and promoted 33 a model, or norm, for wider and wider segments of society. It was also the 34 that was carried overseas, but not one unaffected by such export. Today, 35 Eng-lish is arranged to the extent that the grammar and vocabulary of English are 36 the same everywhere in the world where English is used; 37 among local standards is really quite minor, 38 the Singapore, South Africa, and Irish varieties are really very 39 differ-ent from one another so far as grammar and vocabulary are 40 . Indeed, Standard English is so powerful that it exerts a tremendous 41 on all local varieties, to the extent that many of long-established dialects of England have 42 much of their vigor (活力) and there is considerable pressure on them to be 43 This latter situation is not unique 44 English: it is also true in other countries where processes of standardization are 45 But it sometimes creates problems for speakers who try to strike some kind of compromise between local norms and national, even supranational (跨国的) ones.
选项 A、variation
B、standardization
C、unification
D、transformation
答案A
解析 此题属于语义搭配题。variation意为“变化”，如生物学中的变种，音乐上的变调。例如：(1)The same story was told，with slight variations，of many legendary heroes．(2)The variations of temperature in that district are very great．同源名词variety意为“[不可数名词]多样性；[可数名词]同类的不同品种”，例如：There are numerous varietiesof peonies(牡丹)。又如：the tremendous variety of the themes；根据上下文，前文谈到世界各地所用的语法及词汇基本相同，各地之间的差异就应该很小，此处差异即[A]varia—tion。选项[B]standardization(标准化)，与下文的minor搭配不当；选项[C]unification意为“联合，统一”，不合题意，例如：The traffic laws of the different states need unification．选项[D]transformation意为“转变”，原指形式的改变，引申为性质、特点的改变，例如：the social and political transformation of a country，用在语言学里，指句子结构的转换，与题意不符。
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